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ISSN: 2321-9653
Estd : 2013

Ijraset Journal For Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

Advances and Emerging Trends in Green Chemistry: A Comprehensive Review

Authors: Ramesh Madhukar Patekar

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.76312

Certificate: View Certificate

Abstract

Green Chemistry has emerged as a transformative approach within chemical sciences, emphasizing the design of environmentally benign materials, safer processes, and sustainable industrial technologies. Unlike traditional chemistry that manages pollution post-formation, Green Chemistry focuses on preventing the creation of hazardous substances at the molecular level. This review explores major advancements in green solvents, catalytic technologies, renewable feedstocks, and energy-efficient synthetic methodologies. Special emphasis is placed on the increasing industrial applications in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, polymer science, and clean energy sectors. The discussion also highlights current global challenges and future opportunities associated with sustainable chemistry. The review concludes that Green Chemistry now plays a crucial role in shaping eco-friendly manufacturing and offers promising prospects for achieving long-term environmental sustainability.

Introduction

Green Chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, focuses on pollution prevention by designing safer chemical processes, minimizing hazardous waste, and creating degradable products. Built on 12 core principles—including waste prevention, energy efficiency, safer solvents, renewable feedstocks, catalysis, and design for degradation—it provides both a theoretical and practical framework for environmentally responsible chemistry. Recent advances include green solvents (supercritical CO?, ionic liquids), renewable feedstocks (biomass, vegetable oils), catalytic innovations (enzymes, nanocatalysts, photocatalysis), and energy-efficient synthesis techniques (microwave, ultrasonic, flow, mechanochemistry). Industrial applications span pharmaceuticals, agriculture, polymers, and green energy, enabling safer drug synthesis, biodegradable materials, controlled-release fertilizers, eco-friendly energy solutions, and pollution remediation.

Conclusion

Green Chemistry has become a fundamental necessity in addressing global environmental challenges. Its principles encourage the development of safer, cleaner, and more sustainable technologies across industrial sectors. Recent advances in catalysis, renewable feedstocks, and energy-efficient synthesis have accelerated progress toward pollution-free chemical manufacturing. As industries increasingly adopt green technologies, the future promises innovative solutions combining economic viability with environmental responsibility.

References

[1] Anastas, P.T., Warner, J.C. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice. [2] Sheldon, R.A. Green Chemistry Metrics and Environmental Impact. [3] Lancaster, M. Green Chemistry: An Introductory Text. [4] Selected open-access resources from ACS and RSC journals.

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Paper Id : IJRASET76312

Publish Date : 2025-12-11

ISSN : 2321-9653

Publisher Name : IJRASET

DOI Link : Click Here

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