Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building using STAAD Pro

Abstract

In this project, an attempt is made to analyze and design a multi-storey building (G+3, residential building) using STAAD PRO software. For the analysis and design of the multi-storey building, the possible loads—such as dead load, live load, and wind load—are considered for static analysis. All 2D work is done using AutoCAD, while the analysis and design are carried out in STAAD PRO. This work aims to demonstrate the variation in reinforcement for a similar type of structure with the same parameters but using different types of concrete grades.

Introduction

Project Overview

Due to rapid urbanization and growing residential demands, multi-storeyed buildings have become essential. This project involves the structural analysis and design of a G+3 reinforced concrete (RC) residential building using STAAD.Pro software. The design ensures compliance with Indian Standards (IS codes) and considers dead, live, and wind loads.

Objectives

• Create a 2D AutoCAD plan of the building.

• Analyze and design the G+3 RC framed structure in STAAD.Pro.

• Provide reinforcement details based on different concrete grades.

Literature Review Insights

• Multiple studies (2020–2024) confirm STAAD.Pro's effectiveness in designing multi-storey buildings, optimizing material use, handling complex load combinations, and ensuring compliance with seismic and wind load standards.

Methodology

1. 2D Plan designed in AutoCAD.

2. 3D Model created in STAAD.Pro with assigned material and geometric properties.

3. Load Calculations conducted as per IS codes:

   • Dead Load (DL) from self-weight, walls, and floor finishes.

   • Live Load (LL) based on room usage.

   • Wind Load (WL) calculated using standard equations with terrain and height factors.

4. Load Combinations applied (e.g., 1.5 DL + LL, 1.2 DL + LL + WL).

5. Analysis & Design completed for beams and columns using IS-456:2000.

Geometric Parameters

• Beams: 250 mm x 280 mm

• Columns: 250 mm x 300 mm

• Slab thickness: 125 mm

• Wall heights: 3 m (main), 1.2 m (parapet)

• Wall thicknesses: 230 mm (main), 120 mm (partition/parapet)

• Floor finish thickness: 50 mm

Concrete Grades and Reinforcement

• Comparison between M20 and M25 concrete (both with Fe415 steel):

  • M25 results in lower reinforcement requirements, better structural performance, and greater economic efficiency.

  • M20 shows reinforcement warnings in multiple members due to limitations in stress capacity.

Results and Discussion

1. Both M20 and M25 designs are structurally safe, but M25 is more efficient and economical.

2. Warnings in the M20 design include:

   • Reinforcement exceeding limits.

   • Inability to accommodate required reinforcement.

3. M25 concrete is recommended due to higher permissible stresses and better performance under applied loads.

Conclusion

This study concludes that the structure designed using the above data is safe, whether M20 or M25 grade concrete is used. The comparison indicates that the required reinforcement and the cost of the structure increase as the grade of concrete decreases. The analysis and design are easier when using STAAD Pro software, which also saves time.

References

[1] IS 875 Part 1: 1987 – Dead Loads: General Principles and Buildings [2] IS 875 Part 2: 1987 – Imposed Loads [3] IS 875 Part 3: 1987 – Wind Loads [4] IS 456:2000 – Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete [5] Adhiraj A. Wadekar, Ajay G. Dahake:Analysis and Design of a Multi-Storey Building by Using STAAD Pro, International Journal of Advance Research, issue year 2020. [6] Anjana Gupta: Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Building by Using STAAD Pro. They Investigated the efficacy of STAAD.Pro in analyzing and designing multi-storey buildings, emphasizing its utility in handling various load combinations., , International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, Issue year 2021. [7] Sakib Salam Sofi: Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building by Using STAAD Pro Software. They Demonstrated the effectiveness of STAAD.Pro in the analysis and design of multistorey buildings, ensuring structural safety and compliance with standards, International Journal of Innovation Research in Engineering and management, Issue year 2022. [8] A.Kumar, B. Patel: Optimization of Multi-Storey Building Design using STAAD Pro. They conclude that STAAD Pro is shown to significantly reduce design time and material costs while maintaining structural integrity under seismic and wind loads. Structural Engineering Journal, Issue year 2023. [9] Yeswanth Kumar: A Review on Design of G+11 Storied Building Using STAAD-Pro. They Highlighted STAAD.Pro\'s ability to handle complex load combinations in G+11 multi-storey building designs efficiently, International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Trends, Issue year 2024.

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Aayush Kumar , Abhinav Gautam, Adarsh Kashyap, Aditya Kumar, Dr. Ambareesh Kumar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.