Application of Internet of Things for Smart Gardening System

Abstract

In this paper we have presented an IOT based Smart Gardening system to control the moisture of soil. This technique actually measure the moisture of soil and if the moister level is below the user defined threshold value then the motor starts automatically and power on the water pump. If it reaches or crosses the threshold value it stops the motor. This is done with wireless moisture sensors that communicate with the smart gardening controls and also give the information about the water requirement for gardening. It uses ARDUINO-Mini as the microcontroller which is the core part of the system. The main components of the systems are Node MCU, L293D Motor Driver, 9V battery, Jumper Wires, Soil Moisturizer Sensor, DC Motor and software components. With smart gardening systems we can be better stewards of our resources.

Introduction

IoT (Internet of Things) systems enable advanced automation, analysis, and integration, enhancing accuracy and reach across various domains. They leverage modern technologies like sensing, networking, and robotics, benefiting from cheaper hardware and advanced software. IoT impacts social, economic, and political sectors by transforming product and service delivery.

Key advantages of IoT include improved customer engagement through richer analytics, optimized technology use via critical data access, and enhanced data collection that offers precise real-world insights. IoT is widely applicable—from home energy management to large-scale industrial operations—offering improved production, marketing, safety, and operational transparency.

The text also describes an IoT-based smart gardening system focused on measuring soil moisture to automate watering. Components used include:

• NodeMCU: An open-source IoT platform based on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module.

• L293D Motor Driver: Controls DC motor direction and speed.

• Soil Moisture Sensor: Measures water content in soil indirectly via electrical properties.

• Jumper Wires, DC Motor, 9V Battery: For circuit connections and powering the motor.

• Arduino IDE: Software for programming the microcontroller.

• Blynk App: A mobile app to remotely monitor and control the system.

The system works by automatically activating a water pump (motor) when soil moisture falls below a set threshold and stopping it once moisture is sufficient. This smart gardening setup conserves water, provides remote control, reduces water bills, and supports environmental sustainability by optimizing irrigation based on real-time soil conditions.

Conclusion

This IOT based gardening system save our time and cost. Improvements in agriculture for rural and urban areas arerisingin recent decades with the help of digital technology. Presently available sensors are used to get possible outcome. The Blynk app is developed which is free anytime and anywhere when system has connection with internet. This system will optimize the resources in plant area. The installation cost is tolerable as compared to large instruments. Totally this proposed system solves major issues of the agriculture field. In future work, improvement in various agricultural applications will be done and

References

[1] https://diygeeks.org/learn/plant-watering [2] https://youtu.be/yvLVP6tG6Ro [3] Jaideep Kaur,Kamaljit Kaur “Internet of Things: A Review on Technologies, Architecture, Challenges, Applications, and FutureTrends”.I. J. Computer Network and Information Security, 2017, 4, 57-70 [4] www.internetofthings.com [5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_moisture_sensor [6] https://www.hackster.io/renesas-team-sece/smart-agriculture

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Chandril Ghosh, Biswambhar Saha, Ankit Das, Suparna Biswas, Koushik Pal, Anurima Majumdar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.