Arduino with Bluetooth to Turn Light On and Off

Abstract

In today\'s world, energy efficiency and smart technologies are becoming increasingly important. Lighting is a significant contributor to energy consumption, and traditional lighting systems often lack adaptability to changing ambient light conditions and offer limited remote-control capabilities, resulting in energy wastage and inconvenience. To address this problem, this work proposes an Arduino-based Luminance Control System (LCS) that integrates a luminance sensor, dimmer circuit, relay module, Bluetooth module, and Android device to enhance lighting control and energy efficiency. The system offers automatic light level adjustments based on ambient light conditions, remote brightness control via an Android app, and manual on/off control for flexibility and energy optimization. The technical specifications of the system include a luminance-dependent resistor (LDR) sensor, an Arduino microcontroller, and a triac-based dimmer circuit. Built entirely from the ground up, the proposed lighting system underwent rigorous testing, demonstrating the viability of smart and efficient lighting solutions for various settings. This successful implementation paves the way for significant energy savings and enhanced user control in homes, offices, and beyond.

Introduction

Overview

Bluetooth-controlled home automation is gaining popularity as a cost-effective, user-friendly, and energy-efficient solution for modern living. It enables users to control home appliances like lights via a smartphone using Bluetooth communication, typically with Arduino microcontrollers.

Literature Review Highlights

• User Interface: Mobile apps improve accessibility and real-time control (Warankar & Dharmadhikari, 2023).

• Performance: Bluetooth works well within a 10-meter range, but performance may drop with obstructions (Aisha & Ishak, 2014).

• Security: Simple password-based access can offer basic protection (Morallo, 2017).

Key Findings

1. Arduino and Bluetooth provide a low-cost, proven solution for light control.

2. Smartphone integration makes the system interactive and convenient.

3. Security, though basic, is an important factor.

4. The system is scalable and customizable.

5. Benefits include convenience, accessibility, and energy savings.

Key Features of the System

• Bluetooth Connectivity: Uses modules like HC-05 or HC-06; works with Android apps.

• Light Control: Switch lights or appliances ON/OFF; optional manual override via physical button.

• Smartphone Integration: Commands like "ON" / "OFF" sent via app or terminal.

• Arduino Compatibility: Works with Uno, Nano, Mega, and other boards.

• Ease of Use: Beginner-friendly, with potential upgrades like dimming or motion sensors.

• Real-time Control: Instant response to Bluetooth commands.

• Optional Security: Password or app pairing can restrict access.

Methodology

• Hardware Setup: Connect Arduino to a Bluetooth module and relay drivers.

• Bluetooth Module: Linked via Arduino’s Rx and Tx pins for data communication.

• Relay Control: Arduino interprets user commands to toggle relays that control appliances.

• Software: Arduino code handles logic and control operations based on Bluetooth input.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our research paper has successfully demonstrated the development and implementation of a Bluetooth-controlled home automation system using Arduino. Through this project, we have illustrated the feasibility and practicality of using Bluetooth technology to remotely control home appliances. Our system offers several advantages. First and foremost, it provides unparalleled convenience. Users can control home appliances from anywhere within Bluetooth range using a smartphone or tablet, eliminating the need for physical interaction with the appliances. This not only increases convenience but also improves accessibility for people with mobility limitations.

References

[1] Bluetooth Based Home Automation Using ArduinoAuthors: Veer UdayShantaram, TusharSakharam, Vishal Ramesh Mohite, RushikeshBajiraoSuryawanshi [2] Bluetooth Based Home Automation System Using Android and ArduinoAuthors: Pinak Sunil Warankar, MS. MugdhaDharmadhikari [3] Bluetooth-Based Home Automation System Using an Android PhoneAuthors: Amirah Aisha BadrulHisham, MohamadHafisIzranIshak [4] Bluetooth Control Home AutomationAuthors: ShripatiVyas, RaunakJangid, RajatJanwa, KunalPrajapat, Vishal Singh Dahiya [5] Designing of Lighting Automation System Based on Arduino Bluetooth Interface using Android Smartphone as PlatformAuthor: Narcisa T. Morallo

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Mr. Yash Magar, Mrs. Gayatri Naiknware, Mr. Piyush More, Mr. Sandip More, Mr. Obaid Raza Shah , Prof. Afrin Shaikh . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.