A Comprehensive Review on Nutraceutical

Abstract

Nutraceuticals are globally growing in the field of services such as health care promotion, disease reduction, etc. Various drug nutraceutical interactions have also been elaborated with various examples in this review. Several patents on nutraceuticals in agricultural applications and in various diseases have been stated in the last section of review, which confirms the exponential growth of nutraceuticals’ market value. Nutraceuticals have been used not only for nutrition but also as a support therapy for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as to reduce side effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Diverse novel nano formulation approaches tend to overcome challenges involved in formulation development of nutraceuticals. In this review article, the latest key findings (clinical studies) on nutraceuticals that show the therapeutic action of nutraceutical’s bioactive molecules on various diseases have also been discussed

Introduction

Nutraceuticals are specially formulated products combining nutrition and pharmaceutical benefits to prevent or treat diseases while supplementing the diet. Coined by Dr. Stephen De Felice in 1989, nutraceuticals overlap with dietary supplements, but differ in that they must have scientifically proven therapeutic effects. They include vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, functional foods, and herbal products, and aim to reduce reliance on pharmaceuticals while improving quality of life.

Nutraceuticals have potential roles in managing various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, immune disorders, and inflammation. For example, they can help control atherosclerosis, diabetic neuropathy, and obesity-related complications. While nutraceuticals offer health benefits, their use requires strict regulation to ensure safety, efficacy, and proper administration.

Conclusion

Nutraceuticals are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Most of the nutraceuticals are from either mineral origin, animal origin or vegetable origin like gamma terpenes, beta carotene, curcumins, limonene, eugenol, pinene, safranal, geraniol, aloine, caryophyllene, lycopene and silymarin. These constituents are prepared into dosage forms as topical, oral, etc. viz. creams, lotions, ointments, emulsions, Unani formulations, aromatic oils, microemulsions, SMEDDS, beads, tablets, Emulgels, herbal formulations etc. used in various categories as antidiabetic, antibiotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, protective, etc. Nutraceuticals are quickly replacing pharmaceuticals in prevention and management of acute and chronic health problems. Nutraceuticals show an ample scope to flourish in future as therapeutic agents with preventive and curative properties. Although nutraceuticals show a promising approach for the promotion of health and prevention of various diseases, yet health professionals, nutritionists, toxicologists should strategically work in collaboration to explore them for their full potential

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Mukesh Goswami, Pramod Mishra, Sujeet Pratap Singh, Tarkeshwar P. Shukla. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.