A Study on Correlation between Absolute Eosinophil Count and Body Mass Index

Abstract

Eosinophils are granulocytes derived from myeloblast in the bone marrow circulating in the blood. It is a specialized cell of immune system and eosinophils plays an important role in allergic conditions. Body mass index (BMI) correlates with total body fat. BMI is a measurement of a person height respect to his or her body weight. aim and objectives of this study is to find the Correlation between AEC and BMI. A Total number of people subjected to the study were 50 within the age group of 18- 23-year-old of both the sexes. The study group has BMI >24 and the control group have BMI <24. The AEC were done using improved neubauer method. Then Body mass index calculated with respect to their height and weight. In study group mean and SD of BMI is 26.64±1.28 and AEC is 381±42.91 which is statistically significant (p value is?0.05). And in control group mean and SD of BMI is 20.68±1.83 and AEC is 147±74.22 and it is statistically not significant (p value is ?0.05). In our study we found significantly high absolute eosinophil count having body mass index>25. As cited above high absolute eosinophil count in BLD is associated with higher prevalence of asthma, wheezing, asthma attacks and asthma related emergency, allergic dermatitis, It will be a beneficial effect to control BMI, so that prevalence of these types of diseases and consequences can be reduced.

Introduction

The text presents a study investigating the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) among young adults. It focuses on whether higher BMI is associated with increased eosinophil levels, given the known relationship between obesity, inflammation, allergies, and asthma.

Aim and objectives

The main aim is to determine whether there is a relationship between BMI and AEC.

The objectives are to:

• Measure BMI in the study and control groups.

• Determine the AEC of participants.

• Analyze the correlation between BMI and AEC.

Methodology

• Participants: 50 healthy individuals aged 18–23 years, including both males and females.

• Study group: BMI > 24.

• Control group: BMI < 24.

• Participants with asthma, skin allergies, worm infections, drug allergies, or steroid therapy were excluded.

• BMI was calculated from measured height and weight.

• AEC was measured using EDTA venous blood and the improved Neubauer counting method.

• The study was conducted during 2023–2024 in a pathology laboratory in Ernakulam.

Main results

The study reported the following average values:

The reported p-values were 0.01 for the study group and 0.09 for the control group.

The study found that participants with higher BMI generally had higher AEC, with a positive relationship between BMI and AEC in the study group. The control group showed a negative correlation.

Discussion

The text suggests several possible biological explanations for the observed relationship. Adipose tissue produces inflammatory substances such as leptin, which may promote eosinophil activation and survival. Obesity is also associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and increased levels of certain eosinophil-related chemokines.

Eosinophils are important immune cells involved in allergic inflammation and asthma. Increased eosinophil levels have also been associated with conditions such as allergic dermatitis and other inflammatory disorders.

Conclusion

Individuals having high BMI are more prone to have allergies of any type. In our study CORRELATION BETWEEN ABSOLUTE EOSINOPHIL COUNT AND BODY MASS INDEX, we have found significantly high absolute eosinophil count having body mass index>25. As cited above high absolute eosinophil count in BLD is associated with higher prevalence of asthma, wheezing, asthma attacks and asthma related emergency, allergic dermatitis, it will be a beneficial effect to control BMI, so that prevalence of these types of diseases and consequences can be reduced.

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Copyright © 2026 Rugmini S, Greeshma K S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.