Defence Rover for Enhanced Surveillance and Threat Detection in High-Risk Zones

Abstract

This paper presents the design and development of a defence rover aimed at enhancing surveillance and threat detection in high-risk environments. The rover is equipped with ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection and GPS modules for location tracking. It can detect human presence and identify hazardous objects while employing countermeasures like frequency blockers to evade external detection. The system is powered by a Raspberry Pi, which handles sensor data processing and communication. This paper details the system’s architecture, including hardware integration, secure communication proto cols, and the methodology for real-time object detection. Field tests demonstrate the rover’s ability to operate in challenging environments and accurately identify potential threats. Future improvements will focus on expanding communication range, enhancing detection accuracy, and increasing system reliability.

Introduction

Modern surveillance and defence systems face challenges like limited coverage and operator risk when using traditional manual methods. To overcome these, this paper presents a remotely operated defence rover equipped with multiple sensors—ultrasonic for obstacle detection, gas sensor for hazardous leaks, camera with face recognition for human detection, accelerometer for tilt monitoring, metal detector for buried threats, and GPS for precise tracking. A Raspberry Pi serves as the central processing unit managing data, decisions, and secure Bluetooth communication.

The system aims for continuous, real-time threat monitoring with reliable remote control and data security. The rover’s modular architecture integrates sensor data processing, autonomous responses (like obstacle avoidance and alerts), and operator override capabilities. Communication protocols ensure robust data transmission and fail-safe measures. Extensive testing of each sensor’s accuracy, responsiveness, and communication stability validates the rover’s readiness for real-world defence and disaster applications.

Conclusion

The defence rover presented in this paper offers a reliable and efficient solution for enhancing surveillance and threat detection in critical environments. By integrating key hardware components such as the Raspberry Pi, ultrasonic sensors, GPS module, gas sensor, and frequency blocker, the system provides real-time monitoring and secure data transmission. The proposed system is capable of detecting physical obstacles, tracking location, identifying hazardous gases, and preventing external detection through frequency blocking. Secure communication protocols, including Transport Layer Security (TLS), ensure data integrity and confidentiality during information exchange with the control station. The design emphasizes modularity, allowing future expansions and upgrades without compromising operational efficiency. Future developments will focus on improving detection accuracy, extending communication range, and optimizing power consumption. In addition, enhancing environmental adaptability and increasing the robustness of the system will further strengthen its operational effectiveness in real world scenarios. Overall, this work contributes to the field of advanced surveillance by providing a comprehensive and adaptable defence rover capable of operating in high-risk environments while ensuring reliable communication and threat mitigation. Overall, this work contributes to the field of advanced surveillance by providing a comprehensive and adaptable defence rover capable of operating in high-risk environments while ensuring reliable communication and threat mitigation.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Sujal Shivatare, Rohan Mane, Uddhav Rodge, Kaustubh Shivanekar, Prof. Nita Dimble. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.