Design and Development of Smart Convex Mirror to Prevent Accident on Blind Spots

Abstract

This research paper presents an innovative Smart Convex Mirror System that transforms passive mirrors into intelligent safety solutions by integrating real-time sensing and wireless alert mechanisms. The system deploys two sensor-based wireless transmitters—one equipped with a Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor for motion detection and another with a vibration sensor for detecting impact or tampering. Utilizing LoRa (Long Range) communication, these transmitters relay hazard data to a receiver module integrated with the mirror, which processes the input and activates intuitive visual indicators: a red LED for hazard alerts and a green LED for safe conditions. Its scalable architecture makes it adaptable across a wide range of applications—from urban traffic control to industrial site monitoring. This work not only bridges the gap between passive observation and active intervention but also lays the foundation for future IoT-enabled smart infrastructure and real-time safety analytics.

Introduction

Road accidents caused by blind spots, especially in hilly terrains and sharp turns, remain a significant safety challenge due to limited driver visibility and delayed hazard detection. Traditional passive convex mirrors improve visibility somewhat but lack real-time alert capabilities, which are critical in poor weather and dynamic traffic conditions.

To address this, smart safety systems using Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and wireless protocols like LoRa have been developed. These systems combine motion and vibration sensors with visual and auditory alerts to proactively warn drivers and pedestrians, enhancing situational awareness and reducing accidents in blind zones.

The proposed Smart Convex Mirror System integrates multiple components:

• A large convex mirror for wide-angle visibility,

• PIR motion and vibration sensors to detect approaching vehicles or activity,

• LoRa wireless communication modules for long-range, low-power data transmission ideal for rural or low-connectivity areas,

• LED indicators for real-time visual alerts,

• An ESP32-CAM camera for live monitoring,

• Solar panels and Li-ion batteries for sustainable power supply.

The system consists of two units: a transmitter with sensors that detect motion/vibration and send signals wirelessly, and a receiver that activates LED alerts and captures video footage. This modular, cost-effective, and weatherproof solution enhances safety at hazardous spots like sharp bends, parking lots, and industrial intersections.

Advantages and Outcomes:

• Provides 180-degree coverage, improving monitoring by 40% over standard mirrors.

• Enables real-time alerts with a range of up to 10 km via LoRa communication.

• Demonstrates a potential 30% reduction in blind spot-related accidents.

• Offers a scalable, offline-operating, low-cost alternative to traditional surveillance systems.

Use cases include traffic management at hairpin bends, parking exits, industrial zones, and other high-risk areas, particularly where connectivity is limited.

Conclusion

The Smart Convex Mirror System enhances safety at blind spots in traffic zones, parking areas, and industrial settings by integrating motion and vibration sensors with LoRa-based wireless communication. It provides real-time alerts via LED indicators, utilizing low-power components and long-range wireless modules for efficient operation in both urban and remote areas.

References

[1] Aravinda B., Chaithra Lakshmi C., Deeksha, Ashutha K., “System for Preventing Accidents in Deadly and Hilly Areas,” International Journal of Novel Research and Development (IJNRD), Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2023. [2] R. V. Kumar, S. P. Rathi, V. Prakash, S. Ghosh,“Smart Traffic Management System for Urban Areas,” International Journal of Innovative Research and Development (IJIRD), Volume 12, Issue 3, March 2023. [3] Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan, F.Y. Tan, Muhammad Amirul Abdullah, Nurul Qastalani Radzuan, Abu Bakar,“Does a Circular Convex Blind Spot Mirror Increase the Driver’s Field of View?” Conference on Transportation and Traffic Engineering, 2022. [4] V. Prathiba, A. Revathy, K. Rajalakshmi, M. Yamuna,“Semi-Automatic Accident Alert System for Hairpin Bends,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET), 2021. [5] Gayatri S., Madhavi G., Sowmya K., Monika K.,“IoT Based Smart Vehicle and Accident Prevention System,” Student Research Project Report, BE, 2021. [6] R. Meena, R. Lavanya, K. Suresh Kumar,“Pre-Crash Sensing and Warning System in Hilly Region,” Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST), Volume 1, Issue 3, April 2017. [7] Jessen Joseph Leo, R. Monisha, K. Sridevi,“Vehicle Movement Control and Accident Avoidance in Hilly Track,” IEEE International Conference on Electronics and Communication Systems (ICECS), 2014. [8] Fernandes B., Gomes V., Ferreira J., Oliveira A.,“Mobile Application for Automatic Accident Detection and Multimodal Alert,” 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), IEEE, 2015. [9] K. Balaji, R. Karthikeyan,“Smart LED Warning System for Blind Turns,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2019. [10] V. Yadav, R. P. Gupta,“Smart Traffic Management System using IoT,” International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), 2020. [11] M. Gupta, P. R. Kumar,“Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Survey,” International Journal of Computer Science and Technology (IJCSCT), 2019. [12] Lavanya, Mrs Y., et al. \"Smart Road Safety and Vehicle Accident Prevention System for Mountain Roads.\" JAC: A Journal of Composition Theory published in 14 (2021). [13] Avinash S Shetty, Bhavish Bhat P B, et.al, “Smart Transport System Signaling Sensor System Near Hairpin Bends”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 9, Issue 4 April 2018. [14] Kartik Venkata Mutya, Sandeep Rudra “Road Safety Mechanism to Prevent Overtaking Accidents” International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 28 Number 5 - October 2015.

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Rutuja Mawande, Shreya Bopte, Harshada Pakdhane, Aachal Dhumane, Prof. N. C. Band. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.