Design Fabrication and Analysis of Multipurpose Operational Machine

Abstract

This project is about the design and development of a semi-automatic multipurpose machine, which can perform drilling,cutting,shearing,andpunchingoperationsusingdifferentattachments.Thisdesignwasinitiallydevelopedas an automatic machine using IR sensors. However, the design was modified based on safety issues, as the IR sensors could be triggered accidentally during metal cutting operations. The developed design uses a pedal for operating the machine, ensuring safety while operating the machine. A motor is included in the design, which is accompanied by a speed controller and safety stop features. The project includes detailed design calculations, fabrication steps, cost analysis, safety considerations, and performance evaluation. The results show that the system is highly suitable for small-scale industries, rural workshops, and educational institutions.

Introduction

This work proposes a low-cost multipurpose machining system designed for SMEs, rural workshops, and educational labs to reduce the need for multiple expensive standalone machines. The system integrates operations like drilling, cutting, shearing, punching, and grinding into a single compact unit driven by one motor with interchangeable attachments.

A foot pedal–based relay control system is used for safer, semi-automatic operation, replacing earlier unsafe or complex automation ideas. Motion from the motor is directly transmitted to a central shaft (without belt drive in the final concept), improving efficiency and reducing power loss. Different attachments convert rotary motion into suitable mechanical actions depending on the task.

Experimental testing shows good performance across operations, with drilling (90%), cutting (85%), grinding (88%), shearing (80%), and punching (70%) efficiency, confirming acceptable accuracy and stability with minimal vibration.

The design includes basic mechanical calculations for motor power, shaft sizing, and transmission, along with a modular structure that supports future upgrades such as automation, IoT monitoring, safety interlocks, and speed control.

Conclusion

The developed multipurpose machine demonstrates an efficient and economical solution for performing multiple machiningoperations usinga single system. The design is particularly beneficial for SMEs and rural industrieswhere cost and space are critical constraints. The multipurposemachineisaneffectivesolutionforreducing cost and improving efficiency in small-scale industries.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Prof. R. J. Shekapure, Tanay Shepal, Shubham Bhosale, Ayush Wadile. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.