Design of Compact and Multi-Functional Agricultural Machinery

Abstract

India’s economy is mainly based on agriculture, which provides employment to millions of people. However, as the population increases, farming land is decreasing, making farming difficult. Due to financial constraints, many small farmers still use traditional methods. Our solution to this problem is multifunctional agricultural equipment that combines seeding and spraying. The aim of this small agricultural equipment is to support small farmers, reduce labor costs and increase productivity. It combines many agricultural functions in one flexible machine. This development not only reduces operating costs but also enables continuous operation in remote areas with variable electricity. The project shows that with good design, permaculture techniques can be beneficial while having little impact on the environment. India is a land of husbandry which comprises of small, borderline, medium and rich growers. Small scalegrowers are veritably interested in battery operated backpack sprayers because of their versatility, cost and design. But multiple fungicide sprayer pumps are a combination of both backpack & Battery- operated pump for better effectiveness.

Introduction

India is primarily an agrarian country, with about 75% of its population dependent on agriculture, mostly small-scale farmers who rely on manual tools due to limited access to mechanized equipment. Traditional farming practices are still prevalent, and there is a strong need for efficient machinery like spraying and weeding devices to improve productivity and reduce labor intensity.

This paper proposes a battery-operated, multi-nozzle fungicide sprayer pump, which can be trolley-operated to reduce physical effort and enhance spraying efficiency at any crop height. Given the economic constraints of many Indian farmers, hand-operated tools remain essential, and any mechanization must consider affordability and adaptability to small landholdings.

The research includes a literature survey of existing agricultural machines, seed sowing technologies, and multipurpose vehicles, highlighting the gap between available technology and farmer accessibility, as well as the rising costs and risks faced by small farmers.

The methodology involves identifying farmer challenges, analyzing existing equipment limitations, designing multifunctional machinery (sowing, spraying, weeding), modeling the design using CAD software, selecting cost-effective materials, manufacturing and testing prototypes, and preparing usage manuals for farmers.

The main machine components are a tubeless bicycle wheel for mobility, a mild steel frame for support, and specialized nozzles for regulating flow and spray patterns. Structural design and calculations ensure the machine’s strength and durability, with a focus on minimizing physical effort during operation.

Conclusion

After designing and analyzing the “Multipurpose AgriculturalMachine,”wehavedrawnthefollowingconclusions: The machine effectively meets the needs of small-scale farmers who often struggle to afford expensive agricultural equipment. Its design reduces both labor requirements and operational time compared to traditional farming methods. If manufactured on a larger scale, the overall cost can be significantly reduced, making it more accessible and addressing the labor shortages in Indian agriculture. This uniquely designed machine combines the functionsoffertilizersprayingandseedsowingintoa single system. Unlike conventional backpack sprayers that cause discomfort and back pain, our model offers a more ergonomicsolution.Thecalculationsandsoftware modeling presented in this study validate its efficiency. Compact and user-friendly, this machine is built to enhance farming operations with minimal effort. It is powered by a two-stroke petrol engine, with intuitive handle-mounted controls and an easy-to-operate steering mechanism. Additionally, a dedicated control switch simplifies spraying operations. Overall, this cost-effective and practical innovation has the potential to significantly benefit small- scale farmers by improving efficiency and reducing manual effort.

References

[1] Google scholar https://www.irjmets.com/uploadedfiles/paper/issue_3_march_2022/20450/final/fin_irjmets1649229838.pdf [2] Sahil Kirtane, Ansh Notani, Ali Dalvi, Sumit Waghmare, Prathamesh Kasar “Multipurpose Agriculture Machine” Journal of Emerging TechnologiesAndInnovativeResearch(JETIR)(2014) [3] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379033611_Multipurpose_Agriculture_Machine [4] Asst.Prof.DilipRadkar,GorakshChoughule,Abhijeet Desai, Prathamesh Gawand, Pradip Bade, Yogesh Chaudhari “Multipurpose Agriculture Machine” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) (2021) [5] https://www.irjet.net/archives/V8/i5/IRJET-V8I556.pdf [6] Bhandari.V.B.-design of Machine Elements-Tata McGraw-Hill (2020) [7] R.S.Khurmi-TheoryofMachine-S.ChandPublication (2005)

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Mr. Sanket Punjekar, Mr. Gaurav Dange, Mr. Sushant Raut, Mr. Anil Humnapure, Mr. Sagar Wangdare. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.