Design of High Gain DC-DC Boost Converter for Electrical Vehicle

Abstract

• The design focuses on converting low battery voltage to high voltage for electric vehicle motor drives. • It ensures high efficiency, fast dynamic response, and effective thermal management across a wide input voltage range. • Traditional converters use duty cycle control, but have limited voltage gain for EV needs. • Advanced topologies like cascaded and interleaved boost converters are used to achieve higher voltage gain and better performance. • Key design factors include inductor selection, switching frequency, duty cycle optimization, and control strategies

Introduction

The document discusses a high-gain DC-DC boost converter designed to step up low voltages from sources like batteries or solar panels to higher levels required by applications such as electric vehicle (EV) motor drives. Traditional boost converters lose efficiency at high gains, so specialized designs are needed to maintain efficiency, stability, and performance over wide input voltage ranges and high power loads.

Proposed System:
A practical implementation of the high-gain boost converter is developed using basic lab equipment. A function generator produces PWM signals to control a MOSFET switch, amplified by a MOSFET driver. The circuit is prototyped on a breadboard with inductors, capacitors, and diodes. A digital oscilloscope monitors input/output waveforms and switching behavior for real-time performance analysis.

System Workflow & Operation:
The system uses PWM signals to switch the MOSFET, storing energy in the inductor when ON and releasing it to boost voltage when OFF. This setup allows hands-on testing of voltage gain, efficiency, and waveform characteristics, suitable for EV motor applications.

Features & Advantages:

• High voltage gain suitable for EV motors and other high-voltage needs.

• Efficient power conversion using PWM and MOSFET switching.

• Compact, breadboard-prototyped design enabling easy testing and adjustments.

• Real-time monitoring via oscilloscope.

• Adjustable PWM frequency and duty cycle for performance optimization.

• Fast and reliable switching for efficient operation.

• Simple control using a function generator.

Applications:

• Electric vehicle motor drives

• Renewable energy systems (solar, wind)

• Battery-powered portable devices

• Consumer electronics power supplies

• Hybrid electric vehicle power systems

Conclusion

In conclusion, the high-gain DC-DC boost converter is an efficient and reliable solution for converting low input voltages to higher output voltages. It uses MOSFET switching and PWM control to provide stable power for applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and battery-powered devices. With its compact design, easy testing setup, and ability to boost voltage efficiently, it offers a practical solution for various high-power applications.

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 K. S JainabRuhi, S. Shruthi, B. Sashidhar, V. Moulidhar, N. Yuvaraj, Dr. P .Vinodh Kumar . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.