Intermodal and multimodal door-to-door journeys refer to the usage of various transport modes (air, rail, bus, road or maritime) by the traveler to complete a single journey. The main difference between these two approaches is that multimodal transport is executed under a single transport contract (a single ticket) between the passenger, on the one hand, and transport operators, on the other hand. The benefits of this type of service are reflected in the potential to save time and money. Such systems would make the transport sector greener and more sustainable, promote growth and reduce carbon emissions. The purpose of this paper is to define the concept of an air passenger multimodal transport system, identify factors and challenges that determine such a system’s development within Europe and to provide recommendations and directions for future research. The research carried out so far has indicated that market segmentation and transport system characteristics, as well as economic, social and political factors, have direct impacts on system development. This paper provides the basis for introducing single ticket, timetable synchronization and data sharing services, as well as the need to update the related regulations in order to move towards air passenger multimodality in both research and practice.
Introduction
Door-to-door transport is a logistics service that picks up goods or passengers directly from the sender’s location and delivers them to the final destination, eliminating the need for customers to visit terminals. This service enhances efficiency, convenience, and customer satisfaction, particularly in e-commerce and urban logistics. Modern systems integrate GPS, digital mapping, mobile apps, and automated logistics management to optimize route planning, real-time tracking, and delivery coordination.
Studies show that last-mile delivery constitutes a significant portion of logistics costs, and while alternatives like parcel lockers exist, door-to-door remains preferred for convenience. The system architecture involves user registration, request management, route optimization, vehicle assignment, and live tracking through mobile/web interfaces, application servers, and GPS-enabled transport modules.
Future enhancements include AI and ML for route optimization, autonomous vehicles and drones, IoT-based real-time tracking, eco-friendly transport, blockchain security, and predictive app features, aiming to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance transparency.
Conclusion
The Door-to-Door Transport system is a modern and efficient solution that simplifies the movement of goods and passengers by providing direct pickup and delivery from the sender to the recipient. It improves convenience, reduces handling costs, and ensures timely and secure transportation.
With the integration of technologies such as GPS tracking, mobile applications, and route optimization, the system offers real-time visibility, enhanced customer satisfaction, and streamlined logistics operations. Future enhancements, including AI, autonomous vehicles, IoT monitoring, and eco-friendly practices, will further increase efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and make the service more reliable and sustainable.
Overall, door-to-door transport represents a vital advancement in logistics and urban mobility, meeting the growing demands of modern commerce and daily life.
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