Double Decker Metro Bridge from Bhayander (W) To Naigaon

Abstract

Double-decker metro bridges are innovative systems designed to optimize urban transportation with the aid of accommodating more than one transit systems inside a single infrastructure. these bridges commonly feature levels: the higher deck for metro rail transit and the decrease deck for road site visitors or other transit systems. This design now best maximizes using constrained city space however also reduces construction costs and environmental effect compared to building separate structures for each transit device. The seismic analysis of double-decker metro bridges is essential, especially in areas liable to earthquakes. The design should ensure the ductility and displacement ability of the piers, which are the primary load-bearing factors. conventional force-based design techniques are being supplemented with the aid of performance-based totally (displacement-based) design processes to enhance the resilience of these systems for the duration of seismic activities

Introduction

Overview

Double-decker metro bridges are modern engineering solutions to urban congestion and space constraints, especially in densely populated areas. By stacking transit modes—typically metro on the upper deck and road or auxiliary transit on the lower—they optimize land use, reduce environmental impact, and improve urban mobility.

Key features:

• Enhanced network efficiency and multimodal integration

• Resilient, seismic-resistant structures using high-performance materials

• Contribution to sustainable urban planning

2. Case Study: Nagpur Metro

The Nagpur Metro implemented India’s innovative double-decker metro bridge design:

• Upper deck: Metro rail line

• Lower deck: Potential for roadways, utilities, or future pedestrian corridors

• Materials: High-performance steel and specialized concrete for durability and minimal maintenance

• Challenges addressed:

  • Spatial constraints in urban environments

  • Vibration and noise control via decoupling and damping techniques

  • Structural load distribution analyzed through advanced computational modeling (e.g., finite element analysis)

Results:

• Reduced travel time by 8–10 minutes

• Improved connectivity across highways, railways, and metro lines

• Lowered greenhouse gas emissions and preserved green spaces

3. Methodology

The construction process involves multiple stages:

• Planning & Analysis:

  • Site research, soil testing, environmental impact studies

  • Use of design tools like STAAD Pro, SAP2000 for structural modeling

• Foundation:

  • Deep pile foundations or mat foundations

  • Use of reinforced concrete

• Construction Phases:

  • Piers & abutments: Cast-in-situ or precast with precision alignment

  • Superstructure: Precast I-girders, post-tensioned for strength

  • Decks: Road (lower) and metro (upper) decks with different design criteria

• Quality Control:

  • Concrete and steel testing, non-destructive evaluations (e.g., ultrasonic)

  • Waterproofing, anti-corrosion coatings, and expansion joints

Proposed Sizes (indicative only):

• Pier height: ~21.9 m

• U-girder: ~17.5 m length

• Pier diameter: ~2 m

• Total height: ~23.88 m from ground level

4. Underwater Bridge Construction Techniques

When bridges are built in waterlogged areas or across rivers, special underwater methods are applied:

• Cofferdams: Temporary enclosures to create dry construction zones

• Caisson foundations: Sunken watertight boxes for deep pier bases

• Tremie concrete placement: Controlled underwater concrete pouring

• Pile driving: Installation of deep foundations using vibratory or impact hammers

These techniques ensure structural integrity in aquatic environments, while managing sediment disruption, alignment accuracy, and hydraulic forces.

Conclusion

In Summary, Building A Bridge In Which A Part Of The Development Happens In The Water Requires A Mixture Of Superior Engineering Practices And Specialized Substances. By Integrating Techniques Like Cofferdam Creation, Caisson Foundations, Underwater Concrete Placement Using The Tremie Approach, And Robust Pile Riding Techniques, Engineers Can Triumph Over The Inherent Challenges Posed Through The Water Surroundings. This Incorporated Approach Ensures That Bridges Are Both Secure And Durable, Effectively Contributing To Efficient Urban And Rural Connectivity. Additional Considerations: For Further Exploration, You Might Look At The Usage Of Digital Twin Technology For Real-Time Tracking Of Underwater Creation Initiatives, Improvements In Anti-Corrosion Coatings For Submerged Systems, Or Case Research On Complicated Initiatives Like The Underwater Sections Of Cable-Stayed Bridges. Each Undertaking Brings Its Precise Demanding Situations And Improvements, Offering A Rich Area Of Have A Look At In Modern Civil Engineering.

References

[1] Wikipedia – Mumbai Metro Line 9An Overview Of Metro Line 9, Including Details On Its Design And Integration: Https://En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/Line_9_(Mumbai_Metro) [2] Times Of India – MMRS First Double-Decker, Mira Road Flyover With Metro Line A News Article Discussing The Development And Operational Impact Of The Double-Decker Structure In Mumbai: Https://Timesofindia.Indiatimes.Com/City/Mumbai/Mmrs-First-Double-Decker-Mira-Rd-Gets-Flyover-With-Metro-Line-Above-It/Articleshow/112875001.Cms [3] IJRASET Paper – Seismic Analysis Of Elevated Metro Bridge A Detailed Academic Paper That Explores The Seismic Behavior And Design Considerations Of Elevated Metro Bridges, Which Can Include Double-Decker Configurations: Https://Www.Ijraset.Com/Research-Paper/Seismic-Analysis-Of-Elevated-Metro-Bridge [4] IJARIIE Paper – Seismic Analysis Of Elevated Metro Bridge Double Decker Pier This Paper Provides Insights Specifically Into The Seismic Analysis For Double-Decker Pier Configurations, Which Are Integral To Many Modern Metro Bridge Designs: Https://Ijariie.Com/Adminuploadpdf/SEISMIC_ANALYSIS_OF_ELEVATED_METRO_BRIDGE_DOUBLE_DECKER_PIER_Ijariie16770.Pdf [5] Bridge Engineering Texts And Technical Guides [6] Bridge Engineering Handbook, Edited By Wai-Fah Chen And LianDuan, Provides Comprehensive Guidelines On Bridge Design, Construction Methods, And Material Selection. [7] Bridge StructuresBy Ching&Adams Is Another Reference That Offers Insights Into Multi-Decker Bridge Configurations. (Note: Specific Chapters Or Sections Related To Double-Decker Or Elevated Metro Bridges Can Be Referenced For More Technical Details.)

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Mohammed Arman Mansuri, Abdul Kadir khan, Sufiyan Khot , Sarthak Dahingave, Shubhangi salunkhe. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.