Energy Recovery in EVs Using On-board Generators

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) have seen a significant rise in adoption due to environmental concerns and fossil fuel depletion. However, battery limitations and charging infrastructure remain critical challenges. This paper proposes a novel technique of incorporating on-board generators to enhance energy recovery in EVs. The aim is to prolong driving range and improve efficiency by converting kinetic and mechanical energy into electrical energy during operation. The research highlights design considerations, working principles, advantages, and feasibility of this system.

Introduction

The growing demand for eco-friendly transportation has spurred electric vehicle (EV) development, but challenges remain, including limited range, high costs, and charging infrastructure dependence. Beyond existing energy recovery methods like regenerative braking, this paper investigates using on-board generators to capture unused mechanical energy during motion and convert it into electricity to recharge batteries or power auxiliary systems.

The study reviews wireless EV charging technologies, focusing on magnetic field emissions, coil alignment, and efficiency improvements, as well as emergency EV-to-EV wireless charging systems. It emphasizes the need for flexible dual charging systems (wired and wireless) to address long charging times and grid load.

The proposed system uses an Arduino UNO R4 WiFi microcontroller to manage components such as motors, wireless charging coils, voltage sensors, and generators. Wireless charging takes about 2.29 hours at 90% efficiency, while wired charging is faster at about 1.11 hours. Voltage sensors monitor battery levels to optimize safe charging.

The design integrates these components to enable efficient energy transfer, real-time monitoring, and improved sustainability in EV charging. The on-board generator concept offers a promising approach to enhance energy recovery and reduce reliance on external charging infrastructure.

Conclusion

The use of on-board generators in electric vehicles provides a promising method to enhance energy efficiency and driving range. While the concept introduces new design challenges, its potential benefits in terms of sustainability and performance justify further research and development.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Rashika M E, Dhanush M G. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.