Exploring the Anticancer Potential of Phytochemicals: A Review

Abstract

Targeting cancer receptor cell are help full for retain the substrate of vegetable, fruits and plant based phytochemical extraction can eliminated to enumerated over utilization of cancer cell and mitochondrial pathway could synthesis dead end receptor cells can intermediate apoptosis and protein synthesis, cellular regression channel membrane could promotes indicates loss of dead cell progression is used to utilizes synthetic and semisynthetic natural, biological agents occurrents for cancer cell receptors of healthy individual cell shood inhibit development of DNA cellular damages propounded to leading breast cancer, colon cancer, oncogenomic for tumor suspension genes are[DNA/RNA]repair the regulatory genes, mediation of cellular cyclic regeneration involved in cellular adhesion factor invasion of epigenetic DNA/RNA is directly involved in cellular modification and histone protein, DNA&RNA involved to micro and macro disintegration contributes to regulation of genetically modified cancer expressed to their cellular body can intimate further leads to development of cancer. The basal substrate of fruits and vegetables can incorporate with the presence of phytochemical compound is directly enables to prevent the cellular modification leads to development of cancer cells. Her phytochemical compound is effective for traditional medicinal system [TMS] and other are used in pharmaceutical medicinal development of cellular and acellular opportunities can incorporated to treat cancer cells and anticancer, antitherapeutic wound healing, anticancer-treatment for essential anti-draggability of vitamin and minerals are naturally present on fruits and vegetables. Plants are containing differential phytochemical prevented anticancer activity prolonged to green-tea, reversion dry grapes, sunflower seeds, broccoli, cauliflower and vegetable like ginger, garlic, turmeric, tomato, Rosmarinus from rosemary plants and apigenin are partially utilized for anticancer proliferation substrate of phytochemical.

Introduction

Global Cancer Overview:

• Cancer is a major global health challenge, causing 15–30% of annual deaths in INAID.

• Common cancers include liver, breast, lung, skin, cervical, stomach, and brain tumors.

• Early-stage detection and treatment can greatly improve outcomes.

• Combining traditional medicine and modern therapies offers potential in managing and curing cancer.

2. Role of Traditional Medicine & Phytochemicals:

Traditional medicine (TMS) and phytochemicals (plant-derived compounds) have significant anti-cancer properties and are being integrated with modern treatment strategies.

Key Phytochemicals and Their Sources:

• Apigenin (from parsley, celery, chamomile):

  • Induces apoptosis in breast and lung cancer cells.

  • Activates MAPK pathway, beneficial in treating skin tumors and melanomas.

• Curcumin (from turmeric):

  • Anti-inflammatory and anticancer.

  • Treats colon, breast, lung, and brain cancers by regulating cellular signaling and reducing tumor growth.

• Crocetin (from saffron):

  • Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis, promotes apoptosis.

  • Effective against lung, pancreatic, skin, colorectal, and breast cancers.

• Cyanidins (from grapes, berries, red fruits/vegetables):

  • Antioxidant and anti-cancer effects.

  • Blocks breast cancer metastasis and UV-induced cell damage.

• Diindolylmethane (DIM) & Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) (from cabbage, broccoli, etc.):

  • Prevents cancers related to smoking and lung cancer.

  • Enhances detoxification and cell protection.

• EGCG (from green tea, apples, berries):

  • A powerful antioxidant with anti-cancer and heart-protective properties.

  • Inhibits tumor growth and boosts immunity.

• Rosmarinic Acid (from rosemary):

  • Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer.

  • Induces apoptosis in colon and leukemia cells.

• Triterpenoids (from various fruits and herbs):

  • Inhibit cancer cell growth and support apoptosis in breast and pancreatic cancers.

3. Nutrients From Mushrooms:

Mushrooms are rich in vitamins and minerals like:

• Vitamin D, B6, B2, Niacin, Folate

• Selenium, Potassium, Copper, Phosphorus
  These nutrients help in cell growth, immunity, and may support cancer prevention.

4. Vitamin E from Plant Oils:

• Found in sunflower oil, saffron oil, and germ oil.

• Acts as an antioxidant, with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties.

• May reduce risks of lung, breast, and liver cancer.

5. Chemotherapy and Phytochemicals:

• Chemotherapy is enhanced by phytochemicals that promote apoptosis (programmed cell death).

• Instruments like X-rays, MRI, PET/CT, and ECG help diagnose and monitor cancer cells.

• Combining chemotherapy with plant-based treatments offers a promising approach to target and kill cancer cells effectively.

Conclusion

They are naturally present in fruits, vegetables and plants can incorporated to phytochemicals productions are widely used to detect the In-vitro and in-vivo conditions are treated to pre-clinical cancer treatment shows various enormous mechanisms are observed through chemoprevention effect of phytochemicals are utilized through the impotency of cancer treatment shood detected to completely eradicate natural phytochemical are responsible for the metapolitics activations through stabilization of diagnostic purposes are deliberately used to degradation of dosage remains through plants and vegetables, fruits are comparatively used for phytochemical into readily pre-curable to controlled the cellular receptors and they can induces cell death and cell shrinking. Finally it will prevents to stop cancer.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Pradeesh S, Darshan M, Aanandha Kumar G, Yuvashree S, Rengaramanujam J, Ramachandran A M, Karthick Sundaram S, Devakumar J. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.