Design and Fabrication of an Automated Football Shooting Machine

Abstract

The growing demand for consistent and efficient football training has highlighted the limitations of manual practice methods in terms of repeatability, accuracy, and player workload. This study presents the design and fabrication of an automated football shooting machine capable of delivering controlled shots with adjustable speed, angle, and trajectory. The system integrates a motor-driven dual-wheel mechanism with a programmable control unit to replicate real-game shooting conditions. Emphasis is placed on mechanical stability, energy efficiency, and adaptability for different training scenarios. Unlike conventional ball launchers, the proposed design focuses on modular construction and cost-effective components, making it suitable for academic and grassroots-level applications. Experimental validation demonstrates reliable performance in terms of shot consistency and directional control. The developed prototype offers a practical solution for improving player reflexes, goalkeeping skills, and shooting accuracy, while also serving as a scalable platform for future automation and robotics-based sports training systems.

Introduction

This project describes the design and development of an automated football shooting machine intended to improve the consistency and efficiency of football training. Traditional training methods often suffer from irregular ball delivery due to human limitations, making it difficult for players to practice under stable and repeatable conditions.

To solve this, the system introduces a roller-based ball launching mechanism that can shoot footballs with adjustable speed and angle. This allows realistic training scenarios without needing additional players or coaches, making it useful for academies and individual practice.

The literature review shows that previous research supports the use of motor-driven systems, adjustable shooting parameters, stable mechanical frames, and microcontroller-based control to improve training accuracy and repeatability. DC motors are commonly preferred due to their controllability and efficiency.

The methodology includes several stages: identifying training limitations, selecting a dual-roller mechanism, designing the system using CAD tools, fabricating the frame and motor setup, and testing performance under different speeds and angles. The ball is launched by passing it between two rotating rubber wheels, and both speed and direction can be adjusted for different training needs.

Performance evaluation shows that the machine provides consistent, stable, and cost-effective football shooting, making it suitable for sports training environments. Overall, the project demonstrates how automation and mechanical design can enhance sports practice by delivering reliable and repeatable training conditions.

Conclusion

The automated football shooting machine was successfully designed and fabricated using a dual-wheel mechanism. The system is capable of delivering footballs with controlled speed, direction, and good consistency. It reduces the need for manual effort and allows repetitive practice, which is important for improving player skills such as shooting accuracy and goalkeeping. The machine is simple in design, cost-effective, and easy to operate, making it suitable for training academies and educational purposes. Overall, the project meets its objectives and demonstrates the effective use of mechanical systems and automation in sports training.

References

[1] Kumar, R., Singh, P., and Verma, A., “Design and Development of Ball Launching Mechanism for Sports Training,” International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 45–50, 2020. [2] Sharma, S., Patel, D., and Mehta, R., “Automated Football Shooting Machine Using Variable Speed Control,” IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering, pp. 112–116, 2022. [3] Patel, H. and Mehta, K., “Design Analysis of Roller-Based Ball Shooting Machine,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 210–215, 2021. [4] Singh, A., Kumar, V., and Rao, S., “Microcontroller-Based Automation in Sports Training Equipment,” International Conference on Smart Systems, pp. 89–94, 2023. [5] Verma, N. and Gupta, R., “Performance Analysis of DC Motor in Mechanical Applications,” International Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 134–139, 2021. [6] Bansal, R.K., A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, 10th ed., Laxmi Publications,2019.

Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Dr. Manish Moroliya, Bhavesh Rajurkar, Pratik Mohod, Sahil Pangul, Aryan Shavante. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.