FaceChain Ballot

Abstract

blockchain-enabled electronic voting system aimed at mitigating the trust, security, and traceability issues that plague conventional electronic voting systems. Despite the recent proliferation in popularity of computerized (electronic) voting, concerns about manipulation and privacy remain. Because of its fundamental immutability and decentralization, blockchain technology offers a possible answer. This platform ensures that voting proceeds smoothly and autonomously without external interference by fully integrating blockchain technology to manage all voting processes. The solution guarantees full transparency during the entirety of the voting process and safeguards voters\' identities using homomorphic encryption algorithms. The system\'s major novelty is the full de-centralisation of e-voting administration which improves e-voting process security and vote privacy. According to the proposed method, there is a more evident, more secure, and more private variant of the currently used electronic voting systems, and it could be deployed in a broader spectrum of voting scenarios

Introduction

Traditional election systems, including paper ballots and electronic voting machines (EVMs), face challenges such as human error, fraud (e.g., ballot stuffing, impersonation), logistical inefficiencies, and limited voter accessibility—especially for remote or disabled voters. Biometric technologies like facial recognition have been proposed to enhance voter authentication, improving security by preventing illegal duplication. However, these systems have limitations related to accuracy, spoofing risks, privacy concerns, and high computational demands.

Blockchain-based voting systems offer a promising alternative by providing secure, transparent, and tamper-proof election records. Yet, their deployment requires substantial infrastructure investment and voter adoption.

The literature highlights:

• Issues with paper ballots and EVMs.

• The potential of blockchain to ensure vote immutability and decentralization.

• Combining biometrics (facial recognition) with blockchain to boost trust and reduce fraud.

• Challenges in scalability and privacy that can be addressed with encryption and off-chain solutions.

Proposed System: FaceChain Ballot
This system integrates facial recognition with blockchain technology to create a secure, efficient, and transparent e-voting platform. Key features include:

• Facial Recognition Authentication: Advanced algorithms verify voter identity and prevent spoofing.

• Data Encryption: SHA-512 hashing and GDPR-compliant privacy safeguards protect biometric and vote data.

• Blockchain Vote Recording: Votes are stored immutably and anonymously on a decentralized ledger.

• Cryptographic Key Management: Unique keys ensure one vote per voter and enhance security.

• User-friendly Web Interface: Simplifies voter participation and administration.

This hybrid approach aims to overcome the weaknesses of traditional and biometric-only voting methods, improving election integrity and accessibility.

Conclusion

Motivated by technological advances and the increasing need for safe, transparent, and efficacious voting systems, the voting system project is grand in scope and loaded with potential. Scalability, enhanced security, accessibility and real-time analytics, among others, can be incorporated into the system to help it evolve to meet contemporary elections’ requirement. With the application of state-of-the-art technology such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and biometrics, voter fraud and low turnout can be prevented, with high accuracy, inclusivity, and credibility. Through \"opening up\" and \"transparency\"2 to all citizens, these better features not only enhance the system,2 but also protect democratic principles User-friendly graphical interface can contribute to a voting system in a beneficial way, by facilitating the administrationand the voting process for the involved parties, as well as ensuring the device compatibility with different types of devices, such as computers, tablets, and mobile phones. When successful vote submission is validated and potential voters are reminded about upcoming elections, automated messages can lead to greater efficiency and visibility of voting. In addition to safety audit logs for post-election accountability, the technology could also generate printable receipts or provide voters with digital receipts for casting a ballot. The system can be configured in a customizable fashion for local, regional, and national elections to support various elections at different levels. Importantly, integration with census or citizen ID systems and integration with government-based databases for real-time voter-validation can enhance system effectiveness as well as reliability.

References

[1] Blockchain-Enabled E-Voting, N. Kshetri and J. Voas, IEEE Software, vol. 35, pp. 95-99, July Blockchain-Enabled E-Voting | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore. [2] \"Voting Process with Blockchain Technology: Auditable Blockchain Voting system\", M. Pawlak, J. Guziur, and A. Poniszewska-Mara nda, Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, pp. 233-244, Springer, Cham, 2019.Voting Process with Blockchain Technology: Auditable Blockchain Voting System | SpringerLink [3] \"How Blockchain Works,\" by B. Singhal, G. Dhameja, and P. S. Panda, in Beginning Blockchain, pp. 31-148, Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2018.How Blockchain Works | SpringerLink [4] R. Perper, \"Business Insider reports that Sierra Leone is the first country to implement blockchain during an election,\" 2018.Nagelkosmetik – Risiko und Chance | Die Dermatologie [5] Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, by S. Nakamoto, tech.rep., 2008.Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System | Satoshi Nakamoto Institute [6] G. Wood and colleagues, \"Ethereum: A secure decentralized generalized transaction ledger,\" Yellow Paper on the Ethereum Project, vol. 151, pp. 1–32, 2014. Ethereum Yellow Paper: a formal specification of Ethereum, a programmable blockchain

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Bhavani M, Sathvika J, Yashaswini J, Sanjana S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.