Hamsageeti: The Hearse of Progressively Fading Time

Abstract

This study provides a critical examination of Surendra Mohanty’s 1977 novel, Hamsageeti (The Swan Song). Mohanty, a preeminent figure in modern Odia literature, utilizes this work to explore the existential crisis of the mid-20th century, specifically the hollow allure of the Hippie movement and the erosion of traditional moral values within an urban Indian setting (Delhi). Through the protagonist Subrata, the novel examines the \"Generation Gap,\" drug addiction, and the \"willful irresponsibility\" defining the 1960s and 70s. The research highlights Mohanty’s unique \"social evolutionism,\" blending realistic storytelling with deep philosophical inquiry into the decay of the human spirit in the face of modern progress.

Introduction

Surendra Mohanty (1922–1990) is presented as a major Odia writer whose literary work was shaped by experiences in literature, journalism, and politics, with his strongest legacy in fiction. His 1977 novel Hamsageeti marks a shift from historical themes to modern psychological and existential concerns.

The novel is set in Delhi and reflects urban chaos, highlighting the impact of the 1970s Hippie movement on youth. It portrays how an initially idealistic culture of freedom and rebellion deteriorates into addiction, moral emptiness, and psychological breakdown.

The protagonist, Subrata, represents disillusioned urban youth—jobless, alienated, and emotionally distressed—whose life reflects a deep generational crisis and loss of social values. In contrast, other characters embody irresponsibility and social decay within metropolitan life.

A key theme is the critique of intellectual elites, who are shown as hypocritical and disconnected from reality, promoting ideals while contributing to social corruption and inequality. The novel also explores the “death of conscience,” where society becomes dominated by consumerism, addiction, and false happiness.

Conclusion

Hamsageeti is a thought-provoking document of a generation caught in the whirlpool of an era-defining crisis. Surendra Mohanty remains deeply sensitive to how the late 20th century became paralyzed by corruption and the loss of empathy. The novel does not necessarily offer a solution, but it alerts the reader to the need for introspection amidst the \"hearse of dead enthusiasm.\" It stands as a bouquet of hope placed before a fading era, serving as a testimony to the progressively fading time and the urgent need for a return to ethical consciousness. Ultimately, Hamsageeti stands as a timeless mirror reflecting the cyclical nature of societal decay and the individual’s persistent struggle for meaning. Surendra Mohanty successfully bridges the gap between local sensibilities and global existential angst, positioning the novel as a cornerstone of modern Indian fiction. It serves as a stark warning that unless the void of moral apathy is filled with a renewed sense of ethical purpose, humanity remains at risk of becoming a mere spectator to its own spiritual extinction. Thus, the \"Swan Song\" persists as a vital, haunting call for a profound social awakening.

References

[1] Parida, P. K. (2006). Satabdira Saraswata Swara Saraswati Surendra. Bharat Bharati, Cuttack. p. 83. [2] Mohanty, S. (1989). Hamsageeti. Grantha Mandir, Cuttack. [3] Parida, P. K., & Sahu, G. C. (Eds.). (1998). Surendra Sahitya Samikhya. Friends Publishers, Cuttack.

Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Dr. Jnanee Debasish Mishra. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.