Analysis of High-Rise Buildings with Shear Walls under Dynamic Loads Using STAAD.Pro

Abstract

Rapid population growth and urbanization have intensified the demand for high-rise buildings capable of safely resisting lateral loads induced by earthquakes and wind. In this context, the present study investigates the seismic and wind performance of a reinforced concrete (RC) high-rise building incorporating shear walls as the primary lateral load-resisting system. The building is designed in accordance with Indian Standard IS 1893 (Part 1):2002 for seismic forces and IS 875 (Part III) for a basic wind speed of 39 m/s. The research is based on a live project at the School of Planning and Architecture, Bhouri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Shear walls are extensively adopted in multi-storey buildings due to their high stiffness, strength, and ability to effectively control lateral displacement and inter-storey drift while also carrying gravity loads. This study evaluates the structural behavior of a G+6 storey building with symmetric and asymmetric shear wall configurations under seismic zone II and medium soil conditions. Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional linear static analyses are performed using STAAD.PRO software. Key response parameters, including lateral displacement, storey drift, natural time period, base shear, torsional effects, and resisting moments, are compared to identify the most efficient shear wall placement. The results reveal that the two-dimensional shear wall model exhibits minimum displacement and storey drift, while achieving maximum base shear and resisting moment, indicating superior lateral performance.

Introduction

The text discusses the importance of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls in improving the structural performance of high-rise buildings subjected to wind and seismic forces. Concrete is highlighted as a widely used construction material due to its economy, durability, fire resistance, and ease of construction. With the growing demand for taller and more slender buildings, controlling lateral displacement, storey drift, torsion, and overall dynamic response has become a critical design concern.

Shear walls are identified as one of the most effective lateral load–resisting systems, providing significant strength, stiffness, and stability, especially when compared to conventional moment-resisting frames. Their inclusion reduces excessive deflection, limits damage, and leads to more economical member sizes. The text explains the structural behavior of shear walls under lateral loads, including racking action and resistance to overturning moments through axial forces. Proper placement of shear walls is emphasized, particularly in asymmetrical buildings, to avoid torsional effects and uneven force distribution.

The study presents a comparative analysis of symmetrical and asymmetrical G+6 RC buildings, modeled in both 2D and 3D, with and without shear walls. The analysis is conducted under Seismic Zone II conditions and a basic wind speed of 39 m/s, using STAAD.Pro V8i software. Equivalent static analysis is performed in accordance with Indian Standards (IS 875 and IS 1893). Key response parameters evaluated include lateral displacement, storey drift, base shear, natural time period, torsion, and resisting moments.

Additionally, the text outlines the reinforcement detailing of RC shear walls, material properties, building specifications, and the step-by-step methodology adopted for modeling, load application, parameter selection, and load combination formation. Overall, the study aims to assess the effectiveness of shear walls in enhancing seismic and wind performance and to identify optimal configurations for safe and efficient high-rise building design.

Conclusion

This chapter presents the findings of the research work on dynamic loading response of a high-rise reinforced concrete building with shear walls. The main outcome from results obtained from the previous chapters on analysis by dynamic analysis are discussed here. The results are discussed in relation to the previous research results in the literature and existing code recommendations, and presents new information and suggestions for further improvement of structures with shear walls when subjected to lateral forces. It also presents the comparative analysis of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional building frame with symmetric and unsymmetric shape and their significance for application to general engineering practices of such types.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Pushpendra Prajapati , Murlidhar Chourasia, Dr. Rahul Kumar Satbhaiya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.