Identify the Prevalence and its Association with the Demographic Factors of Prediabetes Among Young Adults in Selected Urban Area of Aizawl, Mizoram

Abstract

Background: India harbours a significant diabetic population, with over 60 million adults affected, a substantial proportion of whom remain undiagnosed or untreated, elevating the risk of complications and premature mortality. Identifying prediabetes and advocating lifestyle modifications become imperative in such a scenario.this study aims to identify the Prevalence and its demographic factors among young adults of 20-40years of age in selected Urban area of Aizawl, Mizoram1. Methods: Quantitative Research Approach and Non-Experimental Survey Research Design was adopted in the study. Probability Proportion to Size (PPS) Sampling Technique was adopted for selection of data collection . 40 sample were included in the study. After obtaining permission a standardized tool Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Form designed by Professor Jaakko Tuomilehto under the Finnish Diabetes Association was adopted to identify the prevalence of prediabetes among young adult. Result: The findings of the study revealed that out of 40 young adults of 20–40 years of age, 60% were having low risk,5% moderdate and 35% were slightly elevated risk for Type-2 Diabetes.

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global health challenge and a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and cardiovascular complications. The International Diabetes Federation projects that the number of adults with diabetes will rise from 463 million (2019) to 700 million by 2045. In India, 40–50% of prediabetic individuals progress to type 2 diabetes within 3–5 years. Prediabetes is an intermediate state of elevated blood glucose, diagnosed when fasting plasma glucose is 100–125 mg/dl or HbA1c is 5.7–6.4%.

Study Overview

The study aimed to:

1. Determine the prevalence of prediabetes among young adults aged 20–40 in urban Aizawl, Mizoram.

2. Examine its association with demographic variables.

A quantitative, non-experimental survey design was used, with 40 participants selected through Probability Proportion to Size (PPS) sampling. Data were collected using the Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Form (Finnish Diabetes Association).

Key Findings

Demographics

• 70% were female.

• 70% were unemployed.

• 90% were non-vegetarian, with pork most preferred.

• 37.5% had low physical activity.

• 85% had prior knowledge of diabetes.

• 87.5% never consumed alcohol.

Prevalence of Prediabetes

• 22.5% (9 out of 40) had impaired fasting glucose, indicating prediabetes.

• Risk assessment categories:

  • Low risk: 60%

  • Moderate risk: 5%

  • Slightly elevated risk: 35%

Associations

A significant association was found between prediabetes prevalence and:

• Monthly family income (p = 0.056)

• Alcohol consumption frequency (p = 0.032)

No significant association was found with gender, education, occupation, smoking/tobacco use, diet, physical activity, or previous diabetes knowledge.

Conclusion

The study reveals that the prevalence rate of pre-diabetes is 22.5%. Thus the research hypothesis tested is accepted for association between the prevalence of pre-Diabetes and demographic variables like monthly family income and frequency of alcohol intake. And the null hypothesis is accepted for association between the prevalence of pre-Diabetes and demographic variables like Gender, educational qualification, Occupation, history of smoking and consuming tobacco, dietary habits, non-vegetarian preferred food , physical activity and previous knowledge of Pre-Diabetes.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Lalchhanhimi ., G. Gurusubramanian, Elsa Sanatombi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.