IoT Based Intelligent Medication Management System with Automated Dose Delivery and Remote Monitoring

Abstract

The IoT-Based Intelligent Medication Management System with Automated Dose Delivery and Remote Monitoring is a proposed system designed to improve medication adherence and support effective caretaker monitoring. The system allows users to set and modify medication schedules using an LCD display and control buttons. At the scheduled time, the medicine is automatically dispensed from the designated compartment into a collection tray. An IR sensor detects whether the patient collects the dispensed medicine, while a camera can be used for visual monitoring of the patient\'s interaction with the system. If the patient collects the medicine, an immediate notification is sent to the caretaker through a GSM module. If the medicine is not collected within 10 minutes, the system sends a missed-dose alert to the caretaker, and the uncollected medicine is transferred to a separate compartment for storing missed doses. This proposed system aims to provide a convenient and cost-effective solution for automated medicine dispensing, dose monitoring, and timely caretaker notification.

Introduction

Medication adherence is essential for maintaining health, particularly among elderly people, patients with chronic diseases, and individuals who require multiple medications at specific times. Forgetting doses, taking medicines late, and depending on caregivers for medication management can affect treatment effectiveness. Therefore, automated medication management systems can help improve medication scheduling, dispensing, and communication between patients and caregivers.

The literature review highlights several studies on IoT-based medicine dispensers, automated medication assistants, real-time medicine reminders, precision dispensing, and accessible healthcare solutions. These studies demonstrate the potential of connected technologies to support timely medicine delivery, improve dosage accuracy, reduce manual effort, and assist elderly and visually impaired patients. However, integrating automated dispensing, medicine collection monitoring, missed-dose management, and remote caregiver notifications into a single system remains an important development objective.

The proposed IoT-based Intelligent Medication Management System with Automated Dose Delivery and Remote Monitoring uses an ESP32 microcontroller, Real-Time Clock (RTC) module, LCD display, control buttons, motorized dispensing mechanism, infrared (IR) sensor, GSM module, and camera. The user or caregiver sets the medication schedule using the control buttons, while the RTC maintains the current time. When the scheduled time is reached, the ESP32 activates the motor to dispense the medicine into a collection tray.

After dispensing, the IR sensor detects whether the medicine has been removed from the tray. If collection is detected, the GSM module is designed to send a confirmation SMS to the caregiver. If the medicine remains uncollected for ten minutes, the system sends an alert indicating a possible missed dose. A separate compartment is proposed for storing uncollected medicine to prevent confusion with subsequent doses. The camera provides supplementary observation of the patient's interaction with the dispenser, subject to appropriate privacy measures.

The main advantages of the proposed system include:

• Timely dispensing: Helps deliver medicines according to a predefined schedule.

• Automatic operation: Reduces the need for manual medicine dispensing.

• Collection monitoring: Detects whether medicine has been removed from the collection tray.

• Remote notifications: Keeps caregivers informed through SMS alerts.

• Missed-dose management: Separates uncollected medicine from upcoming doses.

• Patient interaction monitoring: Provides supplementary visual information for caregivers.

• Reduced supervision: Helps caregivers monitor medication activity without continuously observing the patient.

Conclusion

This paper presents a proposed IoT-based Intelligent Medication Management System for scheduled medicine dispensing and caregiver monitoring. The system uses an ESP32, RTC module, motorized dispensing mechanism, IR sensor, GSM module, and camera to support medicine delivery, collection monitoring, and SMS notifications. The proposed system aims to reduce manual effort, support timely medication, and improve communication between patients and caregivers. Further implementation and testing are required to evaluate its reliability and practical performance.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Mrs. P. Yogashree, M. Thamayanthi, P. Prithika, M. Ranju Shree, M. Ramya Shree. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.