IoT-Based Patient Monitoring System

Abstract

The IoT-Based Patient Health Monitoring System is an innovative approach to enhancing healthcare delivery through continuous, real-time tracking of critical health parameters. The system integrates advanced sensors to measure SpO2, heart rate, body temperature, room temperature, humidity, and ECG signals. These parameters are collected, processed, and transmitted to a web-based IoT platform, enabling caregivers and healthcare providers to monitor patient health remotely. The goal is to reduce response times in medical emergencies and provide effective remote healthcare solutions for patients in homes, rural areas, or understaffed medical facilities. The system employs a combination of sensors, such as the MAX30100 for SpO2 and heart rate, the DS18B20 for body temperature, the DHT11 for room temperature and humidity, and an ECG sensor for cardiac monitoring. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central processing and communication unit, ensuring seamless integration and wireless data transfer. By leveraging IoT platforms, the system offers real-time data visualization and alert mechanisms to notify caregivers when health parameters cross critical thresholds. This ensures timely medical intervention and enhances patient safety. This project not only improves the quality of patient care but also demonstrates the potential of IoT in revolutionizing the healthcare sector. It provides a scalable, cost-effective, and user-friendly solution for remote health monitoring. With its real-time capabilities and portability, the system is poised to transform how health data is collected, analyzed, and utilized, paving the way for smarter healthcare systems in the future.

Introduction

The IoT-Based Patient Health Monitoring System addresses the growing need for accessible, continuous healthcare monitoring, especially in remote areas. Traditional monitoring methods requiring hospital visits are often inconvenient and expensive. By integrating IoT technology, this system enables real-time tracking of vital signs such as blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate, body and room temperature, humidity, and ECG signals using sensors like MAX30100, DS18B20, DHT11, and an ECG sensor.

Centralized by the ESP32 microcontroller, the system collects, processes, and wirelessly transmits data to a cloud-based IoT platform, allowing healthcare providers to remotely monitor patients and receive alerts if any health parameter deviates from safe levels. The system also includes a local 16x2 LCD display and a user-friendly web dashboard for real-time visualization.

The design emphasizes scalability, portability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use, aiming to bridge the gap between patients and healthcare professionals, especially in rural or resource-limited settings. The project involves hardware integration, software development, sensor calibration, and deployment for continuous patient monitoring and improved healthcare delivery.

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Shivani Chavan, Sakshi Mairal, Kalyani Chavan, Vijay Devkar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.