IOT Based Smart Electric Vehicle

Abstract

This project introduces a smart electric vehicle (EV) system designed to make transportation cleaner, safer, and more efficient. It combines two ways of charging the vehicle using solar power and the traditional electric grid so that it can always stay powered, even if one source is unavailable. At the heart of the system is an advanced Battery Management System (BMS) that keeps the battery healthy by monitoring its charge levels, balancing power across cells, and preventing damage. To ensure safety, the vehicle also has a thermal monitoring system that keeps track of temperature in real-time. If it senses any risk of overheating, it can take preventive action. All this data battery health, charging status, and temperature is sent to the cloud using IoT (Internet of Things) technology, so it can be monitored remotely from anywhere. This smart setup helps in maintaining the vehicle, predicting issues before they happen, and ensuring the system runs efficiently. By combining clean energy, smart monitoring, and automation, this project aims to support eco-friendly transportation while improving safety and Performance.

Introduction

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity due to their environmental benefits but face challenges like long charging times, limited range, battery health issues, and lack of real-time monitoring. This project proposes a smart EV system that combines solar and grid charging to ensure continuous power supply regardless of weather. Solar panels on the vehicle or at stations charge the battery during the day, while grid electricity provides backup at night or in poor sunlight.

A smart Battery Management System (BMS) monitors battery charge, temperature, and usage to extend battery life and ensure safety. A thermal monitoring system tracks battery and motor temperatures, activating cooling systems or alerts to prevent overheating.

Using IoT connectivity, users can remotely monitor vehicle status via mobile apps or websites in real-time, including charging source, battery health, and temperature alerts.

The system integrates multiple components like Arduino Uno for control, Bluetooth for wireless communication, sensors for current and temperature monitoring, solar panels for clean energy, relays for automatic switching, cooling fans, and an LCD for real-time data display.

This hybrid solar-grid charging combined with intelligent battery and thermal management makes EVs safer, more efficient, and user-friendly while lowering reliance on fossil fuels. The project aims to deliver an affordable, easy-to-use smart EV system with real-time monitoring and enhanced battery safety for everyday users.

Conclusion

This research emphasizes the potential of a Smart Electric Vehicle (SEV) system as a viable and scalable solution to many of the limitations faced by conventional electric vehicles. Through the integration of solar-assisted charging, an optimized Battery Management System (BMS), real-time thermal monitoring, and a mobile communication interface, the SEV offers a multifaceted approach to improving battery efficiency, extending driving range, and enhancing safety.The incorporation of solar power significantly reduces dependency on grid-based charging, while smart BMS ensures efficient power management and prolongs battery life. Real-time monitoring and alert systems offer an added layer of security by detecting thermal irregularities early and enabling preventive actions. Moreover, the mobile interface bridges the communication gap between the system and the user, promoting better interaction and control.As electric vehicles continue to evolve as a cornerstone of sustainable mobility, systems like the one proposed in this paper can lay the foundation for next-generation transportation. The SEV system not only meets current performance demands but also sets the stage for future enhancements including AI-driven energy optimization and smart grid compatibility. Therefore, this project contributes to the ongoing transformation of electric vehicle technology towards greater reliability, sustainability, and user-centric innovation.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Sachin Badgire, Gaurav Suryawanshi, Rohan Jadhav, Vaishnavi Tathe, Prof. B. G. Sherkhane. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.