IoT-Enabled Energy Meter for Smart Home Monitoring and Control

Abstract

This research introduces an IoTenabled energy meter that facilitates intelligent monitoring of household appliances, permitting users to observe and regulate their energy usage in real-time. The system employs an Arduino Uno microcontroller for data processing, alongside sensors such as the voltage sensor (ZMPT101B) and the current sensor (ACS712) to detect AC voltage and current flow, delivering precise and comprehensive power usage statistics for each device. The data is subsequently communicated through NodeMCU, a WiFi-enabledmicrocontroller, utilising IoT connectivity to a mobile or web application, thereby providing customers with convenient access to monitor household power use and remotely operate their appliances. This method conserves energy, diminishes powerexpenses, and facilitates automatic management of idle equipment, henceenhancing energy efficiency in smart homes.

Introduction

The project addresses the limitations of traditional energy meters, which only provide cumulative energy data without real-time monitoring or remote control. It introduces an IoT-based Smart Energy Meter system that enables real-time tracking and remote control of household appliances to improve energy efficiency and reduce electricity costs.

The system uses Arduino Uno with voltage (ZMPT101B) and current (ACS712) sensors to measure power consumption accurately. The NodeMCU (ESP8266) module provides Wi-Fi connectivity, allowing data to be sent to a cloud platform accessible via the Blynk mobile app. Users can monitor energy usage in real-time, control appliances remotely, and automate power management to prevent wastage.

Compared to existing manual or limited IoT monitoring systems, this solution offers detailed energy insights, remote appliance control, and automated energy-saving features. The result is a smart home energy management system that promotes sustainability, convenience, and cost savings.

Conclusion

The IoT-based Energy Meter with Smart Monitoring and Control of Home Appliances provides an efficient solution for real-time energy management. By integrating Arduino Uno, voltage and current sensors, NodeMCU (ESP8266), and IoT technology, the system enables users to monitor power consumption remotely and control appliances via a mobile application. This system not only helps in reducing electricity costs by preventing unnecessary power usage but also contributes to energy efficiency and sustainability in smart homes. The ability to automate the control of appliances ensures optimized energy consumption, reducing environmental impact. Overall, the proposed system offers a costeffective, user-friendly, and scalable approach to smart energy management, making it a valuable addition to modern smart homes and IoT-driven energy solutions.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 B. Satya Swaroop, D. Satya Sai Rohit, U. Naga Venkata Satya Saran, V. Samuel, K. Bharath Kumar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.