Land Registry Using Blockchain

Abstract

The challenges faced by traditionallandregistry are effecting my people some of these are inefficiency, fraudulent activitiesandinadequate transparency specifically in traditional management systems. With recent case studies and with the idea ofdecentralizedselfgoverning networks made possible through blockchain technology, it is possible to improve property transactions rush easily verifiable, eliminating the possibility of manipulation and fraud. Two such examples exist such as Georgia\'sBlockchain Land Registry and Lantmäteriet Pilot Project in Sweden serve as a proof for this argument. Even though some may argue that regulatory concerns and technical barriers are challenges that need addressing in order to reap the benefits linked to enhanced AI for fraud detection, easy access to finance through tokenized ownership and effortless verificationthrough cross transaction capabilities, Istrongly believe that the future benefits will lay the groundwork for blockchain technology to take center stage in international land registries and governance systems.

Introduction

1. Introduction

Land ownership is vital for economic development and financial stability. However, traditional land registration systems face problems like inefficiency, corruption, and data loss. Paper-based records and centralized databases are prone to fraud (e.g., double-selling, forgery) and are often expensive, slow, and inaccessible.

2. Blockchain as a Solution

Blockchain offers a decentralized, tamper-proof ledger to securely record property transactions. It ensures:

• Permanent and transparent ownership records

• Smart contracts to automate transactions and eliminate human error

• Reduced fraud and faster processing

3. Proposed System

The study proposes a blockchain-based land registration system using Ethereum smart contracts with the following components:

A. Blockchain Framework

• Ethereum Blockchain: Enables smart contract deployment

• Consensus mechanisms (PoW or PoS) ensure transaction validity

• Interoperability with government databases

B. Security Features

• SHA256 hashing for data integrity

• Smart contracts to automate legal compliance

• Role-based access control and multi-factor authentication

C. Escrow & Payments

• Decentralized escrow for secure fund transfers

• Digital and cryptocurrency payments

• Smart contract-based automation

• Integration with traditional banking systems

D. Transparency & Fraud Prevention

• Immutable, public ledger

• Multi-signature authentication

• Real-time updates to prevent duplicate ownership claims

4. Global Related Work

Countries exploring blockchain land registries include:

• Sweden, Georgia, Estonia, and Dubai

• Demonstrate improved efficiency, transparency, and fraud prevention

• Highlight the need for legal and technological readiness

5. Implementation & Results

A prototype system was built using Ethereum and Solidity. Key findings:

• 99% reduction in manual recordkeeping

• Significant security enhancement

• Transaction time cut from weeks to minutes

• Scalable for national use

• Improves legal compliance when embedded in regulatory frameworks

Conclusion

Certainly, blockchain technology is a unique revolution concerning land registration challenges. By reducing the possibilities of fraud, increasing security, and decreasing administrative overheads, blockchain-based land registration can change the face of property ownership. Future work must address: 1) AI integration for detection assurance: AI mechanismsforanomalydetectioncanhelp support suspicious transactions on which fraud can be prevented. 2) IoT-based real-time monitoring of land assets: Sensors and geospatial information can enable tracking and validation of land assets. 3) Legally adaptable for mass acceptance: Working with the government to ensure regulatory compliance and acceptance. 4) Interoperability with the existing land registry: Ensuring easy integration withthe conventional land administration databases. 5) Global adoption-solutions with high scalability: To guarantee the efficient survival of so-called blockchain-basedland registries across several legalsystems.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Shrangika Gupta, Shrikant , Shreya Maurya, Yogesh Kumar, Ms. Vishakha Chauhan. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.