Ijraset Journal For Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

Abstract

Our paper deals with the plan and execution of a LASER based smart security system for discovering burglar. The principal edge of using the Laser system is that the burglar is unmindful of the fact that a security system is fix in the entry points like doors and windows since laser rays can travel long distances and are almost imperceptible. When someone go through the laser ray the circuit senses the cutoff and stumble the alarm. The alarming sound does not stop until someone turns it off manually after scrutnizing. It is one of the most economical security apparatus that can be used for indoors as well as outdoors. This apparatus centre of attention is on sending a photo of the burglar into the registered email address for sustainable verification with the help of LDR and WIFI module. It is quite competent and need very minimal power.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Researches across the world are using improved  technology to find a solution of trespassing and thefts. When  talking of home automation and security, laser based security  system has always been considered as one of the easiest and  cheapest form of implementation. Researchers from  Bangladesh have designed a laser based security system for  inland agriculture such as prawns and shrimps. Here, the  number of laser beams barred is decided by LDRs which are  in turn connected to Arduino board. The Arduino Board is  programmed in such a way that it will take decisions whether  to send an alert to a desired number. Laser rays go long  distances without scattering and are almost invisible so this  characteristic can be used to build an invisible boundary of a  sensitive area. If anyone wants to build such an area with a  single beam, mirrors can be used which will reflect the beams  accordingly. This has a low energy consumption and gives  high performance. Laser security systems are useful in  high command security places and the installation process is  also very easy. Security of home and personal possessions is a  major lookout now. With increasing intrusion and thefts,  companies are investing a considerable amount of money on  home security. Thus, to handle these problems, light  dependent resistors are used as the main component in the  laser based security systems. Researchers from Malaysia  have developed a multilevel home security system which  consist of different sensor nodes as input elements while the  output elements respond to the signals received from input  elements. The sensor nodes include an alarm, presence  detecting circuit and a camera. The idea of securing the  border from illegal entries, smuggling of weapons has also  been coined. This is achieved by implementing advanced  technologies like object detection, object identification,  distance sensing and activity tracking. In case  the microcontroller senses any kind of intrusion, it will send  an SMS message to the registered mobile number. The  microcontroller can also switch on and off the electrical  appliances in the house according to the SMS message  received from GSM modem of the user. Researchers from  China have developed a system using WSN and GSM  technology. It can detect theft, fire, leaking of gas and send  message to the owner. The hardware consists of single chip  C5081F310, wireless receiving and sending chip CC1100 and  Simens TC35 GSM module. Employing sensors like PIR,  Sensor camera, GSM for detecting the presence of intruder  becomes very expensive when integrated with LCD panel or  camera. Thus, researcher Suresh.S and his team have an  affordable Home Automation System by employing PIR,  temperature and humidity sensors to sense change in motion,  temperature and humidity. Here, all the activities are  maintained by Atmega microcontroller. During any intrusion,  the owner of the house is informed by sending a text message  through GSM module.

II. IMPORTANT  COMPONENTS

A. Arduino Uno Microcontroller

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller based on ATMEGA 328p. It  consists of 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16  MHz quartz crystal, ICSP header, reset button, USB  connection and a power jack. A microcontroller is  programmed using C and C++ language. It provides a low cost, easy way to implement, reliable approach for  professionals to create devices which interact with  environment using sensors and actuators. Such devices include  small robots, motion detectors and thermostats. Programs  written in Arduino integrated development environment is  known as sketch. Sketches are saved on computers using the  file extension .ino.

B. Laser Ejecter Module

Laser is a device that emits light using a process called optical  amplification which is based on stimulated emission of  electromagnetic radiations. Laser is a red light which has a  wavelength of 650nm. The working voltage is 3-5V DC and  working current is less than 25mA. It is used in various fields  which consists of military, medical and technological spheres.  Lasers emit light coherently. Spatial coherence enables laser  beams to stay narrow over long distances which facilitates  them to be used as a laser pointer. Lasers may also exhibit temporal coherence due to which they have a narrow  spectrum.

C. LDR Module.

LDR is a light dependent resistor where the resistance of  photo resistor decreases with the increasing intensity of  incident light. It is used in the detection and measurement of  intensity of light. It consists of both analog and digital output  pins. It also possesses a potentiometer knob that can be  regulated to alter the sensitivity of LDR towards light. The  operating voltage of LDR is 3.3V-5V. There are various  applications of LDR which include lighting switch, camera  shutter control LDR controlled transistor circuits. LDR  receivers can be interfaced with Arduino boards to get the  desired results.

III. METHODOLOGY

It is a simple prototype which ensures proper safety and  security of the house. The prototype constitutes an Arduino  UNO microcontroller, a loud piezo buzzer, few connecting  wires, an ESP WIFI module for internet access, a spy cam, a  laser emitter module, a receiver LDR module and lastly a DC  adapter for power source.

Simply the emitter emits the laser line and the LDR receives  the bright striking laser light.

As per his/her convenience the laser line can be extended with  the help of small mirror pieces, as mirror perfectly reflects laser  lines. Like this the entire area of a door or a window or specific  stealthy entry points can be covered with multiple reflecting  laser lines emitted from a single source.

As soon as an intruder tries to enter the monitored entrance, the  laser circuit breaks and a loud buzzer starts buzzing very loudly  with just a delay of a few nanoseconds.

Then a fixed spy camera takes the photo of the intruder and  sends it to the registered email address for valid proof. This  whole algorithm runs with the help of a few computer codes  written in C language. The input voltage for the hardware is  only 12V, hence it is very cost efficient and user friendly. This  little device can be installed in any of the important rooms of  an institution, for example the examination cell, the director’s  office, special laboratories which requires permission and  many more. This device can work flawlessly and in future it  can be proved as a smart choice for home security.

Conclusion

This is our first approach towards innovation in home automation using laser technology. This is a user friendly, low cost and robust system which runs using few lines of codes. The concept is easy to implement in offices, industries, apartments and restricted areas. The results procured are encouraging, yet many improvisations may be included to increase the accuracy of the system.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Vipul Goel, Rishabh Varshney, Saksham Parashar, Sahil Ali, Pravesh singh. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.