Lifi Based Underwater Communication System

Abstract

The primary objective of this project is to develop an efficient and sustainable underwater communication system using Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) technology. The system utilizes light waves for data transmission, offering an alternative to conventional radio frequency-based communication systems. The key components employed in this project include the IC 7805 voltage regulator, APR 9600 voice recorder and player, Arduino Uno microcontroller, 16x2 LCD display, and a battery for energy harvesting. The system enables communication between devices placed underwater by using light pulses transmitted through water, providing a reliable solution for underwater data transfer with minimal interference. This project showcases the integration of wireless communication with renewable energy sources, demonstrating the potential of Li-Fi for future underwater communication applications.

Introduction

Underwater communication faces major challenges because traditional radio frequency (RF) signals attenuate quickly in water, limiting range and reliability. Optical communication, specifically Li-Fi (Light Fidelity), which uses light waves to transmit data, offers a promising alternative with higher data rates, lower interference, and energy efficiency.

This project designs and implements a Li-Fi-based underwater communication system using components like Arduino Uno (microcontroller), IC 7805 voltage regulator, APR 9600 audio module, 16x2 LCD display, and a battery for power. The system transmits data by modulating LED light signals underwater, while a photodiode receiver detects and decodes these signals. The Arduino controls data encoding, transmission, reception, and processing, including audio recording/playback via the APR 9600 module.

The methodology involves selecting components, encoding data into modulated light signals, power management with a battery, and testing under various underwater conditions to ensure reliability and performance. The system is designed to be energy-efficient, sustainable, and robust for underwater environments, useful in marine research and underwater robotics.

The literature review highlights the limitations of existing acoustic and RF underwater communication systems—such as low bandwidth, high energy use, and short range—and emphasizes the advantages of Li-Fi, including higher bandwidth, low power consumption, and better data rates. Recent advancements focus on overcoming water’s scattering and absorption effects for stable communication.

The system architecture integrates the Arduino Uno, LED transmitter, photodiode receiver, audio module, LCD display, and regulated power supply to create a practical and efficient underwater Li-Fi communication platform.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the LiFi underwater communication system demonstrates a significant advancement in communication technology for submerged environments. By utilizing visible light for data transmission, this system overcomes the limitations of traditional radio frequency communication, such as attenuation and interference in underwater conditions. The integration of components like the IC 7805, APR 9600, Arduino UNO, 16x2 LCD, Photo detector, and power supply ensures that the system operates efficiently and can be powered sustainably. This project not only showcases the feasibility of using LiFi technology in underwater communication but also highlights its potential for future applications in marine research, underwater exploration, and environmental monitoring.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Mrs. Shobhika P. Gopnarayan, Ritesh Patil, Abutwalha Sayyad, Armaan Sayyad, Aryan Kadam. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.