Multi Layered Security System and Alert System

Abstract

This paper proposes a robust security system for a safe, integrating fingerprint recognition, movement recognition, and vibration detection. The system uses an Arduino microcontroller to process input from a fingerprint sensor and a keypad. A predetermined key is established, and if an incorrect key is entered 3 times or fingerprint verification fails, an alert message is sent, and a phone call is initiated to the user or client. Additionally, the Sensors constantly monitor the safe. If the safe is forcibly opened or moved from the original place, it triggers an immediate alert, notifying the user of the breach. This integrated approach provides a comprehensive security solution that effectively protects the contents of the safe from unauthorized access and physical tampering. This system is more efficient than the regular safe and can be used to avoid tampering with evidence in criminal cases, where the evidence collected needs to be stored. It can be used to protect or preserve precious and important things like jewellery, money, antiques, etc.

Introduction

Modern security systems have evolved from basic locks and alarms to sophisticated, technology-driven solutions that integrate hardware and software for robust, multi-layered protection. They aim to safeguard individuals and assets through mechanisms like biometric authentication, password verification, and real-time alerts, increasingly supported by IoT, microcontroller tech, and sensor integration.

Literature Survey

Numerous researchers have developed advanced multi-layered security systems using various sensor and communication technologies:

• Kumar et al. used RFID, motion, and IR sensors with SMS/email alerts.

• Patel et al. combined motion, vibration, and temperature sensors.

• Shankar et al. created a wireless system with GSM alerts.

• Joshi et al. and Choudhary et al. built IoT-based and biometric-integrated systems, respectively.

• Other systems included innovations like facial recognition, gas sensors, smart lockers with GSM alerts, and hybrid IoT-SMS-email monitoring.

System Design and Working

The proposed smart locker system integrates:

• Biometric authentication via an R307 fingerprint reader.

• Password verification via a 4x4 keypad.

• GSM and GPS modules for alerts and location tracking.

• Vibration sensors (SW-420) for intrusion detection.

• Arduino UNO as the control unit with embedded C/C++ programming.

Operational Flow:

1. System waits for activation via GSM command.

2. Upon activation, fingerprint is verified. Mismatch sends SMS and call alerts.

3. If the fingerprint matches, a password is required. Incorrect entries again trigger alerts.

4. Successful dual-authentication triggers a relay to unlock the safe.

5. Vibration detection triggers GPS-based location sharing via SMS and a call alert.

Additional Features: Manual lock (via pressing 'D'), real-time feedback via an LCD screen, and remote monitoring capabilities.

Block Diagram

Illustrates how inputs (fingerprint reader, keypad, vibration sensor) are processed by the Arduino UNO, which controls output devices (solenoid lock, GSM, GPS modules) and a display. The modular design ensures easy debugging and adaptability.

Results and Analysis

The system was tested successfully. Key outputs included:

• Password and fingerprint validation with alerts on mismatch.

• Successful unlocking upon proper authentication.

• Real-time SMS alerts and GPS location sharing during intrusion attempts.

• LCD feedback to guide users through system operation.

Advantages

• Technical: Multi-layer security (biometrics, PINs, sensors), sensor fusion, modularity, GSM/GPS integration, and secure communication.

• Functional: Remote monitoring, customizable access, real-time alerts, fail-safe operation, and user-friendly interfaces. The system is suitable for residential, commercial, and high-security environments.

Conclusion

This research successfully demonstrated the design, development, and implementation of a low-cost, efficient gas leakage detection and alert system using Arduino and a GSM module. The primary objective—to provide an immediate and reliable means of detecting hazardous gas levels in domestic environments—was fully realized through systematic testing, both in controlled conditions and real-world scenarios. The system’s core strength lies in its integration of the MQ-2 gas sensor, which proved capable of detecting LPG and methane leaks with reasonable sensitivity and reliability. When paired with the Arduino Uno and SIM800L GSM module, the system was able to not only detect leakage but also trigger immediate notifications via SMS to concerned individuals or authorities. This dual functionality—local alert through a buzzer and remote alert via mobile communication—provides a significant advantage in emergencies where early detection and rapid response are critical to preventing accidents and potential loss of life or property. A key outcome of this work is the affirmation that such a system can be constructed with minimal cost and basic electronic components, making it especially suitable for deployment in resource-limited settings. The GSM module performed reliably in varied signal environments, indicating the feasibility of using such systems in both urban and rural areas where Wi-Fi connectivity might be unavailable or inconsistent. Moreover, from a human-centered design perspective, the system was appreciated by test users for its simplicity and effectiveness. The clear, concise SMS alerts offered reassurance and actionable information, such as the source and severity of the risk. The design also emphasizes minimal maintenance and straightforward usability, which are critical factors for widespread adoption, especially among non-technical users.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Dr. K. Yadaiah, V. Krishna Rao, A D V N Prasad, P. Mokshith, T. Ashirth. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.