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ISSN: 2321-9653
Estd : 2013
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Ijraset Journal For Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

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Analysis of Parking Facility in an Urban City Using Geospatial Technology: A Case Study Mahanagar Underground Parking Lucknow

Authors: Anshika Kushwaha, Alok Saini, Dr. Sudhakar Shukla

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40375

Certificate: View Certificate

Abstract

The increase in population in urban areas is affecting urban travel demand in the city. Due to the city’s central business area, there is temporary on-street parking which affects the traffic flow, so construction of Underground parking was done. After the construction of Underground parking, people are parking their vehicles on the street near the intersection. The free flow of traffic between two or more points is not possible if there is traffic congestion in the path, especially narrowing of road width due to illegal parking, improper management of stoppage points, or slow speed of traffic movement. Lack of maintenance and proper management may lead to traffic congestion and the non-availability of proper parking facilities for public vehicles. Unauthorized on-street parking is affecting the traffic flow on major as well as minor roads. Proper management of parking facilities should be taken care of so that problems like delays in parking due to inappropriate entry and exit points, more carbon emission from vehicles, the unclear orientation of parking lots, time wasted in search of parking, etc. can be solved.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

These days the population is increasing day by day which causes an increase in urban travel demand. There is a rapid increase in the number of private vehicles as well as transit vehicles. The Central Business Areas of an urban city are the major attraction portion for traffic congestion. Availability of employment due to commercial and business areas generate traffic congestion. The cause of traffic congestion at a Central Business District is due to Unauthorized on-street parking, as people come from various other areas for work and park their vehicles on the street. People who use transit vehicles prefer that vehicles should drop near their workplace. Unplanned stoppage points and on-street parking created as per the public conveyance cause the bottleneck and congestion at the major as well as the minor intersection. This study includes the case study of Mahanagar Underground Parking, Gole Market, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Mahanagar Gole Market is one of the central business districts of Lucknow city. On every Wednesday there is a market which is known as Buddh Bazar where people come for the shopping and there is total traffic jam due to street vendors. In this study, all day’s traffic congestion is analyzed except on Wednesday. The main intersection which is affected due to on-street parking is Classic Chauraha and Gole Market.

II. OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this study is to find:

  1. The impact of illegal and temporary parking of vehicles around the rotary.
  2. Accessibility of public transport network at the intersection.

III. STUDY AREA

Study area is Mahanagar Underground Parking, Gole Market, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India (Latitude:26.8740135°N, Longitude:80.9584746°E). Major commercial and business areas are around the Mahanagar underground parking. Private vehicles (i.e. two-wheelers and four-wheelers) and transit vehicles(i.e. Auto and E-Rickshaw) are being parked near the commercial area’s entry points. The intersection near the underground parking which is affected due to this unauthorized on-street parking are:

  1. Gole Market Intersection
  2. Classic Chauraha

The major roads considered in this study are listed below with their connecting rotaries:

Location

Road name

Lane

Number of Lanes

Gole Market

Mandir Marg

towards

3

 

away

2

Khurram Nagar

towards

3

 

away

3

Indira Nagar

towards

3

 

away

4

Nishatganj

towards

3

 

away

2

Classic Chauraha

Towards Mandir Marg

towards

2

 

away

2

Picnic spot Road

towards

2

 

away

2

Sector B Road

towards

5

 

away

3

Sir. M. Vishveshauriya Marg

towards

1

 

away

1

IV. DATA AND SOFTWARE USED

Data used for the study- Parking Parameters (source Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) and Nagar Nigam).

Software used- Google Earth Pro, Google Maps, and ArcGIS.

V. FLOW OF STUDY

VI. METHODOLOGY

A. Duration, location, space, and other parameters of Mahanagar Underground Parking.

For the study required data is collected from Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) and Nagar Nigam, Lucknow.

 

Parameters required

 

Location of the parking area

 S-40, Gole Market, Mahanagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226006, India

Type of parking

Underground Parking

Space of parking

300 spaces

Multilevel parking (number of floors)

3(100 spaces each)

Purpose of parking

Commercial purpose

Parking Layout

Parallel

Area of parking

5600m²

Vehicles parked day-night(monthly pass)

120 (4 wheelers)

35 (2 wheelers)

Cost of a monthly pass for day parking

Rs.400 (4-wheelers)

Rs.400 (2-wheelers)

Vehicles parked on daily token

40-50 vehicles per day(4-wheelers)

8-10 vehicles per day(2-wheelers)

Provisions for restriction of on-street parking

Crane (about 15-20 vehicles are finned for illegal parking per day)

Problem

Parking of 2-wheelers (150-200 vehicles) around the Mahanagar Underground Parking

On-street parking near Classic Chauraha

B. Accessibility of Public transport near Mahanagar Underground Parking.

The public transport available near the Mahanagar Underground Parking is Auto, E-Rickshaw and Buses. Stoppage points are marked on the map below and the description of stoppage points is given below in the table.

Stoppage Points of Auto And E-Rickshaw

Number

Type of vehicle

Pickup Point

Destination

1

Auto and E-Rickshaw

Classic Chauraha

To Khurram Nagar

2

Auto and E-Rickshaw

Classic Chauraha

To Kapoorthala Chauraha

3

Auto and E-Rickshaw

Gole Market

To Khurram Nagar

4

Auto and E-Rickshaw

Gole Market

To Kapoorthala Chauraha

10

Auto and E-Rickshaw

Mandir Marg

To Kapoorthala Chauraha

Bus stops

Number

Stoppages

Bus Available

Frequency

5

Bus stop (Gole Market)

301 Scooter India

Every 10 min

6

Bus stop (Gole Market)

103 Samarpan Hospital

Every 10 min

402 Integral University

Every 12 min

502 Kamta High Court

Every 12 min

105 B.B.D. University

Every 12 min

301 Engineering College Chowraha

Every 10 min

104 Ramswaroop College

Every 17 min

7

Bus stop (Wireless Chauraha)

401 Integral University

Every 15 min

8

Bus stop (Classic Chauraha)

401 Integral University

Every 15 min

402 Integral University

Every 12 min

9

Bus stop (Classic Chauraha)

402 Rajnikhand Terminal

 

Every 12 min

 

401 Kashi Ram Yojana

 

Every 15 min

 

 

C. Reasons for on-street as well as off-street parking.

The main cause of on-street parking near the intersections (Gole Market Chauraha and Classic Chauraha) is the commercial and business places. Unauthorized on-street parking is around 10 to 15 minutes per vehicle. On-street parking of 4-wheelers is less as compared to 2-wheelers due to enforcement of parking laws by the traffic police i.e. towing of vehicles (cars only). The survey was done to check the number of 4-wheelers and 2-wheelers is parked in peak hours on the street.

Important Places

Number of 4-wheelers

Number of 2-wheelers

Restaurants

6 to 7

8 to 10

Banks

4 to 5

8 to 10

Around Mahanagar Underground Parking

5 to 6

95 to 100

Jewelry shops

4 to 5

8 to 10

Cakes and Bakery shops

1 to 2

5 to 6

Electronics stores

1 to 2

5 to 6

General stores

2 to 3

8 to 10

Police station

2 to 3

5 to 6

Post office

4 to 5

7 to 8

Schools (Morning and afternoon)

10 to 12

30 to 40

Hospitals

10 to 12

20 to 30

Gym and salons

3 to 4

8 to 10

Banks

5 to 6

8 to 10

Service centers

4 to 5

  1. to 8

Some of the permanent employees, business owners, and commercial area park their vehicles in the Mahanagar Underground parking area provided. The monthly pass is made and they park their vehicles accordingly.

D. Analysis of on-street parking causing traffic congestion near the Mahanagar Underground Parking.

The narrowing of the road's width near the intersection causes the slow movement of traffic and causes congestion at the peak periods (i.e., between 4 pm to 8 pm according to IST). In the map below, the places with on-street parking are marked, affecting the flow of traffic.

E. Effect on Traffic Around the Rotary.

The map below is of Friday (one of the working days). The average velocity of traffic is shown in the map near the intersection as well as the roads connected to it. Due to unauthorized on-street parking the, width, of the road is narrowed down and there is a restriction in the smooth flow of traffic.

The tables below show the cause of traffic congestion on different time duration and provided facilities near the intersection:

VII. RESULTS & CONCLUSION

A. Result

The outcome of this study is-

  1. There is sufficient space in Mahanagar Underground Parking.
  2. Accessibility of public transport near the Mahanagar Underground Parking is good.
  3. On-street parking and street vendors are affecting the width of the road
  4. The width of the road is affected during peak hours of the day.

5. Traffic flow is affected due to unauthorized on-street parking.

6. Approaching unstable traffic flow is mostly on the lanes connecting Gole Market Chauraha and Classic Chauraha.

7. Sir. M. Vishveshauriya Marg is occupied with Auto, E-Rickshaw, and Tempo Unauthorized Parking.

Conclusion

The study concludes the following points- 1) There should be proper site suitability for the entry and exit of Mahanagar Underground Parking. 2) Strict provisions should be made for two-wheelers on-street parking. 3) Leftover spaces in Mahanagar Underground Parking can be used as stoppage points for Auto and E-Rickshaw. 4) Provisions for street vendors should be made.

References

[1] Md. Asaduzzaman et al. (2021). Assessment of traffic congestion scenario at the CBD areas in a developing city: In the context of Khulna City, Bangladesh; Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives (Vol 11, pp. 1-11). [2] Ehsan Amini and Shankar B (2017). Challenges of Vehicle Parking in Central Business District of Sabzevar City, Iran; International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET) (Vol 9, No 3, pp.1657-1666). [3] Robin Babit et al. (2016). Level Of Service Concept In Urban Roads, International Journal of Engineering Science Invention Research & Development; (Vol. III, Issue I, pp. 44-48). [4] Chanda Malhotra (2017). PEDESTRIANISATION OF COMMERCIAL AREA: A Case Study of Aminabad, Lucknow; International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), (Volume: 04, Issue: 08, pp. 930-936). [5] Rajat Boob and Arjita P. Biswas (2018). Analysis for the Need of Parking Management System in Campus of MIT College; International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), (Volume: 05, Issue: 05, pp. 912-921). [6] Ms. Sonalika Maurya and Mr. Ajeet Singh (2018). Ill Effects of Unauthorized Parking at Authority Rotary Intersection Greater Noida, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM); (Vol-04, Issue-03, pp.118-121).

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Anshika Kushwaha, Alok Saini, Dr. Sudhakar Shukla. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

IJRASET40375Anshika

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Authors : ANSHIKA KUSHWAHA

Paper Id : IJRASET40375

Publish Date : 2022-02-16

ISSN : 2321-9653

Publisher Name : IJRASET

DOI Link : Click Here

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International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) is an international peer reviewed, online journal published for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Applied Science & Engineering Technologies.

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