Real-Time Gas Leakage and Flame Detection System with Automatic Shutoff Mechanism

Abstract

The Real-Time Gas Leakage and Flame Detector System with Automatic Shutoff Mechanism is created to increase the safety of the home kitchen with the help of multiple sensors and automatic hazard control. The system consists of MQ-series gas sensor to detect LPG leaks, infrared flame sensor to check combustion and cookware detection mechanism to check the conditions of the use of a stove. A microcontroller calculates real-time sensor data and categorizes the operation modes like normal cooking, gas leakage and unsafe conditions. Once such dangerous conditions are detected as either the presence of unburned gas or the presence of a flame without cooking utensils, the system turns off the gas supply. The shutoff actuator uses a stepper motor-driven actuator which rotates the stove knob 90 degrees allowing automatic control without altering the gas pipeline. An LCD module of 16x2 is used to give real-time status to the user. The proposed system can be used to reduce domestic risks due to LPG and it is cost-effective and can be retrofit-compatible by incorporating multi-sensor assessment, integrated control logic, and mechanical actuation.

Introduction

The text discusses a smart domestic LPG stove safety system designed to address inherent risks such as gas leaks, open flames without cookware, and potential fire hazards. Traditional gas safety systems rely on alarms and human intervention, which can fail if the user is unavailable. To overcome this, the proposed system integrates multi-sensor monitoring (MQ-series gas sensor, infrared flame sensor, and cookware detection via potentiometer), embedded control (Arduino Uno microcontroller), and mechanical actuation (stepper motor) to automatically shut off the stove in hazardous situations.

The system identifies four operational states: idle (stove off), normal cooking, no cookware, and gas leak. When unsafe conditions are detected, the stepper motor rotates the stove knob 90° to stop gas flow, while a 16×2 LCD displays the current status for user awareness. Hardware implementation and simulation validated the system’s reliability, real-time monitoring, and effective hazard mitigation without altering existing gas infrastructure. Overall, this approach shifts domestic gas safety from passive alert-based methods to active hazard prevention with retrofit compatibility, cost-efficiency, and real-time intervention.

Conclusion

In the current paper, the engineering and construction of an intelligent gas cooker safety system was described, which was able to automatically identify dangerous cooking conditions and make mechanical interventions such as turn-off. The system combines an MQ-6 gas sensor to detect LPG, a flame sensor to detect combustion, and a cookware recognition system based on a potentiometer to assess the safety of work in reality. The Arduino Uno microcontroller is programmed to interpret set logical conditions to distinguish between idle status, unsafe open-flame conditions, gas leakage conditions, and normal cooking operation. The prototype that was developed was able to prove the automatic shut off of the stove whenever dangerous conditions were identified. Particularly, the system reacted well in instances where cookware was not in the presence of the flame even in cases where the presence of a flame was indicated by gas leakage whereas the reverse is not true. In both instances, the stepper motor could be trusted to rotate the stove knob to the OFF position, which prevented the possibility of fire hazard and gas build-up. The system continued to operate without failure even under safe cooking conditions, thus, safety mechanisms are not intrusive to the normal operation. Multi-sensor monitoring and mechanical actuation offers a simple and affordable solution in improving domestic kitchen safety. The results of the experiment prove the practicality of the suggested approach and indicate its appropriateness in practical application. As more optimization and integration occurs, the system can be a major contributor to minimizing accidents in the household which are gas related and the level of user awareness regarding safety.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 R Roshini Joy, Dr. S. Rathinavel. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.