Women Safety Night Patrolling Robot

Abstract

The Women Safety Night Patrolling Robot is an IoT-based robot system for improving security and surveillance in cities and rural areas. The robot is driven by an ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller and controlled through the Blynk app for remote control. It has an L298 motor driver with DC motors for movement and a live-streaming camera for real-time video monitoring. In addition, a buzzer offers a local alert system for instant assistance in case of emergencies. This system provides improved safety for women, particularly in night patrol operations.

Introduction

Purpose and Overview

The Women Safety Night Patrolling Robot is designed to enhance women’s safety, especially in urban and rural areas, through IoT-enabled, mobile robotic surveillance. It offers real-time monitoring, emergency alerts, and remote control using the Blynk app. The system is cost-effective, mobile, and independent, aiming to deter crime and provide rapid assistance in emergencies.

Key Components and Features

Hardware:

• ESP8266 NodeMCU: Central controller enabling Wi-Fi connectivity and IoT integration.

• L298 Motor Driver + DC Motors: Controls movement and speed of the robot.

• Camera Module: Provides live-streaming video for real-time surveillance.

• Buzzer: Sounds an alarm in emergencies to alert people nearby.

• 12V Lithium-Ion Battery: Lightweight, rechargeable power source.

• Chassis and Wheels: Provide a stable frame and mobility.

Software:

• Blynk App: Remote interface for controlling and monitoring the robot.

• Arduino IDE: Used to program the ESP8266 microcontroller.

• Camera Streaming Software: Enables live video via ESP32-CAM.

Design and Working Principle

• Power Supply: A 12V battery powers the system, with voltage regulated to 5V for microcontroller and camera.

• Safety Mechanisms: Includes reverse polarity protection using a 1N4007 diode and voltage filtering using capacitors.

• Components Powered: ESP8266, camera module, buzzer (via 5V regulated output); motors (via 12V direct).

Literature Survey Highlights

• 2021 Studies emphasized IoT patrol robots using Arduino/Raspberry Pi, PIR sensors, GSM/Wi-Fi for surveillance and emergency alerts.

• 2022 Study by Komatireddy et al. noted that traditional CCTV is reactive and insufficient. They proposed robotic patrols as active safety agents using microcontrollers and real-time sensing to reduce risks and enhance public safety.

Result

• The system includes a remote-control interface via Blynk.

• Images show the functional prototype of the robot.

• The robot effectively integrates movement, monitoring, and alert systems, demonstrating its potential as a mobile, real-time security solution for women’s safety.

Conclusion

This project proposes a low-cost, scalable robotic solution combining IoT, mobility, and surveillance to significantly improve women\'s safety in public spaces. It highlights the role of modern embedded systems and automation in proactive security measures.

References

[1] B. N. Divya, B. Hegde, B. R. Chaithanya, M. T. M. Raju, and S. Shambhavi, “Smart Motion Detection Surveillance Rover with Night Patrolling for Women’s Safety and Monitoring”, IJRESM, vol.4, no. 7, pp. 153–157, Jul. 2021,Available: https://journal.ijresm.com/index.php/ijresm/article/view/1016. [2] Women Safety Night Patrolling Iot Robot Ch. Tejasri, Assistant Professor Department of Ece Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women, Hyderabad. [3] ESP8266NodeMCUDocumentation: Espressif Systems. (n.d.). ESP8266 Technical Reference Manual. Retrieved from: https://www.espressif.com/en/support/ documents/technical-documents [4] Blynk IoT Platform: Blynk IoT. (n.d.). Blynk Cloud and Mobile App Documentation. Retrieved from: https://docs.blynk.io [5] ESP32-CAM Live Streaming: Random Nerd Tutorials. (n.d.). ESP32-CAM Video Streaming and Face Recognition with Arduino IDE. Retrieved from: https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-cam-video-streaming-face-recognition [6] L298 Motor Driver Datasheet: STMicroelectronics. (n.d.). L298 Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver IC Datasheet. Retrieved from: https://www.st.com/en/motor-drivers/l298.html [7] IoT-based Security Robots: Sharma, A., & Kumar, R. (2021). IoT-Based Surveillance and Security System Using Robotics. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 10(6), 45-50. [8] Women Safety and IoT Applications: Patel, S., & Mehta, D. (2020). Smart IoT-Based Women Safety Device Using Real-Time Alert System. IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies, 22(3), 89-95. [9] BuzzerAlert System in Robotics: Kaur, R., & Gupta, P. (2019). Emergency Alert Systems Using IoT: A Review. International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 8(7), 120-126. [10] Power Supply Design for Embedded Systems: Banerjee, S. (2018). Design and Implementation of Power Regulation in IoT-Based Projects. Embedded Systems Journal, 5(2), 34-42.

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Bhagyashri Gurav , Pranjali Mane , Dhanashri Shishupal , Miss. Kiran Khedkar . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.