Smartsteer Vehicle Headlight Controller

Abstract

This project presents a wired communication-based motor and headlight control system designed for precise movement and automatic lighting adjustment. The system operates via a wired remote, allowing users to move forward, backward, and rotate a wheel using relay-controlled motors and a servo motor. A 12V power supply with buck converters ensures stable voltage for components like ESP8266 (wired mode), Arduino Nano, relays, and sensors. A 9V battery powers the motor flow mechanism separately. An LDR sensor detects ambient light, enabling the Arduino Nano to switch between high and low beam lights automatically. By eliminating wireless communication, the system ensures real-time control, reduced interference, and reliable operation.

Introduction

Driving at night is hazardous due to poor visibility and risks caused by improper use of headlights, especially high beams that can blind oncoming drivers. To improve safety, two systems are proposed: an Automatic Headlamp Dimmer and a Steering-Controlled Headlight mechanism.

The Automatic Headlamp Dimmer uses sensors (LDR) to detect oncoming vehicle headlights and automatically switches the beam from high to low to reduce glare, while avoiding false triggers from streetlights or reflective surfaces.

The Steering-Controlled Headlight System adjusts the direction of headlights based on steering input, improving visibility around curves and on winding or hilly roads by aligning the lights with the vehicle’s path.

A remote-controlled prototype was developed to test these systems, using microcontrollers, sensors, relays, and servo motors to replicate real-world functionality. Results demonstrate enhanced night driving safety through glare reduction and better illumination on turns.

Future improvements include integration of faster sensors, AI-based detection, and more precise control to increase system accuracy and efficiency.

Conclusion

This system improves night driving safety by solving two key problems: headlight glare and poor visibility on curves. The automatic beam adjustment prevents drivers from being blinded by oncoming headlights, while steering-controlled headlights enhance visibility on winding roads. By combining sensors, microcontrollers, and servo motors, this smart headlight system offers a practical and effective way to make nighttime driving safer.

References

[1] Aslam Musthafa R., Bala Krishnan T., Seetha Raman N., Shankar M., and Swathi R,”Automatic Headlight Beam Controller”(IJTRD), Special Issue ETEIAC-17, in March 2017 [2] OKRAH. S.K,WILLIAMS. E.A,KUMASSAH.F,”design and implementation of automatic headlight dimmer for vehicles using light dependent resistor (ldr) sensor”IJETIE Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2016 (ISSN: 2394 – 6598) [3] P.S. Mali,”Automatic Dipper Light Control for Vehicles\"IJRET in March 2016 [4] Lakshmi K, Nevetha R, Ilakkiya S N, Ganesan R,”Automatic Vehicle Headlight Management System to Prevent Accidents Due To Headlight Glare” ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8 Issue-9, July 2019 [5] Ijaz Masee Qureshi, Kaab Edroos,Acharwala Furquan, Khan Zaid,”Steering Controlled Headlight Mechanism”ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 10 Issue 12, December-2021 [6] Pankaj Kumar Singh, Alok Nath Sharma, Adarsh Gaurav, Naman Taneja,”Development of an adaptive steering controlled headlight for low cost vehicles”January 2016 [7] Shrabana Saha,Md Ashifuddin Mondal and Zeenat Rehena ,”A Smart Car’s Headlight Intensity Control System to Avoid Troxler’s Effects at Night”2023 World Conference on Communication & Computing (WCONF) Raipur, India. July 14-16, 2023

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Mrs. Chaithra Chandrashekar , Sharanya K M, Supritha K S, Abhishek P L , Uday D R. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.