Solar Powered Smart Floor Cleaning Robot Using WiFi and Ultrasonic Sensor

Abstract

Automation has become a major factor in modern life, contributing to the reduction of human effort through efficiency in performing day-to-day activities. One of the activities that requires a lot of time, effort, and repetition is floor cleaning, especially in large residential areas,offices,institutions, and commercial buildings. This has, over the years, prompted the development of automated cleaning solutions,especially with the advancement of robotic technology, providing efficient solutions for floor cleaning.Inlightoftheabove,theaim of the proposed research is to design and develop a solar-powered smart floor cleaning robot that can efficiently carry out the cleaning operation with minimum human involvement. The proposed system will utilise ultrasonic sensors that will detect obstacles during the cleaning operation, preventing the robot from colliding with objects while it moves around the floor. This will allow the robot to detect objects around it, enabling it to change direction accordingly. Moreover, the proposed system will utilise a Wi-Fi module, enabling the robot to be monitored and controlled remotely through a smartphone or the internet, thereby enhancing the convenience of the user by allowing them to remotely control the operation of the robot. Moreover, the robotusessolarpoweras itssourceofenergy,whichreduces the dependency on conventional sources of power and increases the awareness and usage of alternative sources of energy. The combinationofsolarpowerandothersmarttechnologies,such assensingandwirelesscommunication,makesthesystemenergy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Therefore, the proposed system can be concluded as a cost-effective, green, and smart solution for floor cleaning in both residential and commercial areas.

Introduction

The text describes the design and development of a solar-powered smart floor cleaning robot aimed at reducing manual effort and improving cleaning efficiency. Traditional cleaning methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, leading to the need for automated solutions. Existing robotic cleaners rely heavily on battery power, which limits their operation time.

The proposed system uses solar energy, making it more eco-friendly and reducing dependence on electricity. It integrates a microcontroller, ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection, and a WiFi module for remote monitoring and control. The robot can move autonomously, avoid obstacles, and clean surfaces using brushes or mopping mechanisms.

The system architecture includes components like a solar panel, rechargeable battery, sensors, motor driver, and cleaning unit, all coordinated by the microcontroller. The methodology involves sensing obstacles, processing data, and controlling movement to ensure safe and efficient cleaning.

Results show that the robot performs effectively in indoor environments, with reliable obstacle detection and remote operation. It offers advantages such as reduced human effort, energy efficiency, safe navigation, time-saving, and flexibility.

However, it has limitations like dependence on sunlight, limited battery backup, basic cleaning capability, and maintenance requirements.

Conclusion

In this paper, a solar-powered smart floor cleaning robot using WiFi and ultrasonic sensors is proposed and implemented. The proposed system aims to reduce human efforts and increase the efficiency of floor cleaning using a smart floor cleaning robot. The proposed floor cleaning robot uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles and navigate safely in a particular environment. WiFi is also utilised in this proposed floor cleaning robot to enable users to monitor and control the floor cleaning robot using a smartphone device. Theproposedfloorcleaningrobotisalsoequippedwith a solar panel that makes it an efficient and environmentally friendlyfloorcleaningdevicesinceitreducestheusageofnon-renewable sources of electricity. The proposed floor cleaning robot can be utilised in various environments such as houses, offices, hospitals, and educational institutions.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Prof. Prachi Patil, Rasika Shahakar, Sharda Rathod, Onkar Jogdand, Kunal Kaikade. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.