Solar Powered Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Station

Abstract

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has increased the demand for efficient, safe, and sustainable charging infrastructure. Conventional EV charging systems rely heavily on grid power and wired connections, which may lead to increased energy consumption, higher operational costs, and safety concerns such as electrical wear and spark hazards. To address these challenges, this project presents the design and implementation of a Solar-Powered Smart Wireless EV Charging Station with IoT Monitoring. The proposed system utilizes solar energy as the primary power source, ensuring clean and renewable energy utilization. A solar panel array configured in series-parallel combination supplies power to the system, which is regulated using a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controller. The MPPT module acts as a smart DC-DC voltage regulator, optimizing power extraction from the solar panels while protecting the battery bank. A 12.6 V Battery Management System (BMS) is employed to safely manage charging and discharging of the lithium-ion battery bank, providing protection against over-voltage, undervoltage, over- current, and cell imbalance. Wireless charging is implemented using a wireless power transfer module based on electromagnetic induction. When a vehicle is placed on the charging platform, power is transferred wirelessly without physical connectors, improving safety, reliability, and user convenience. The system automatically detects vehicle presence using infrared sensors and initiates charging accordingly, minimizing energy wastage. An ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central controller, handling sensor data acquisition, control logic, relay operation, LCD display updates, and wireless communication. System parameters such as solar voltage, temperature, humidity, EV charging status, and street-light operation are monitored and displayed in real time using the Blynk IoT platform, enabling remote supervision. Additionally, an automatic solar-based street-lighting feature is incorporated to enhance energy efficiency during nighttime conditions.

Introduction

The project presents a Solar-Powered Smart Wireless EV Charging Station with IoT Monitoring, designed to provide safe, eco-friendly, and automated charging for electric vehicles. The system integrates solar energy harvesting, a lithium-ion battery bank with BMS, wireless charging via electromagnetic induction, and ESP32-based control for automation and monitoring. Vehicle presence is detected automatically, while an IoT platform displays real-time data on solar voltage, battery status, environmental conditions, and charging activity.

Key features include:

• MPPT-based voltage regulation for optimal solar power utilization.
• Wireless charging for contactless and safer operation.
• Battery protection and management to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, and imbalance.
• IoT-based monitoring and alerts, with LCD, LEDs, and buzzer for local feedback and Blynk app for remote visualization.
• Automatic street light control based on solar voltage.

The system was tested successfully under various solar and vehicle conditions, demonstrating reliability, efficiency, and minimal human intervention. Future improvements include high-power wireless charging, fast charging, grid-solar hybrid operation, advanced battery monitoring, and user authentication with billing for public applications.

Conclusion

The solar-powered wireless EV charging system presents an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for electric vehicle charging. By integrating solar photovoltaic technology with wireless power transfer, the system reduces dependence on conventional grid electricity and minimizes carbon emissions. The use of inductive coupling enables safe, contactless energy transfer, eliminating mechanical wear and reducing maintenance requirements. The proposed system demonstrates that renewable energy can be effectively utilized for wireless EV charging with proper power conditioning, control, and energy storage. Although wireless charging efficiency is lower compared to wired methods, advancements in power electronics and resonant coupling techniques can significantly improve performance. Overall, the solar-powered wireless EV charging system offers a sustainable, safe, and convenient approach for future EV infrastructure and supports the growing demand for clean transportation.

References

[1] S. M. G. Swathika, “IoT-Enabled Solar EV Charger with RSA-Based MPPT Controller,” Frontiers in Energy Research, 2026. [2] A. P. Adith et al., “Solar-Based Smart Charging Station with Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) for Electric Vehicles and Monitoring using IoT,” IJRASET, 2025. [3] P. Jain et al., “IoT-Based Wireless EV Charging System using Solar Energy,” IJRASET, 2025. [4] S. Chatterjee et al., “Solar Energy-Supported User-Friendly EV Charging Solution Based on IoT,” Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India), 2024. [5] S. A. Kashani et al., “State-of-the-Art Research on Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles Using Solar Energy,” Energies, 2023. [6] Solar energy-powered wireless charging system for EV applications, Renewable Energy Journal, 2025.

Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Sakshi Lanjekar, Mayur Sarang, Shubham Valmiki, Ashwini Khade. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.