Solar Seed Sowing System

Abstract

The\"SmartSeed SowingSystem\"isamodernagricultural automation solution aimed at transforming traditional farming methods by automating both seed sowing and irrigation. Utilizing solar energy, it combines robotic and microcontroller technologies to minimize manual effort whileenhancingtheaccuracyofseeddistributionandwater usage. The robot autonomously navigates the field with a built-in sowing unit, water pump, and spray nozzle, precisely delivering seeds and water to promote optimal germination. An ESP32 microcontroller manages the robot’s functions, including motor control, sensor input, and cloud connectivity for real-time monitoring. This cloud-enabledsystemallowsfarmerstotrackperformance and make informed decisions from remote locations. Its solar-powered operation ensures environmental sustainabilityandcost-efficiency,especiallyforremoteand small-scale farmers. By automating repetitive tasks and promoting renewable energy use, the Smart Seed Sowing System offers a forward-thinking approach to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability

Introduction

The Smart Seed Sowing System is an innovative agricultural technology designed to automate and improve traditional farming practices, particularly seed planting and irrigation. By using a solar-powered robot controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller, the system ensures precise seed placement and efficient water use, reducing labor, seed, and water waste. Its integration with a mobile app allows real-time monitoring and control, promoting smart, data-driven farming. The system’s dual function—combining seed sowing and irrigation—optimizes crop germination and growth, especially benefiting regions with limited energy and water resources.

The methodology includes selecting suitable sites, preparing soil, choosing appropriate seeds, designing an autonomous solar-powered system, and employing drip irrigation for water efficiency. Monitoring and maintenance involve sensors to track soil moisture and temperature, ensuring optimal growing conditions. Data collected aids in analyzing and improving farming outcomes.

Key components include the ESP32 microcontroller (for control and communication), an LCD display (for status updates), solar panels (for sustainable power), a Bluetooth module (for wireless control), and pumps (for irrigation). The system’s modular, scalable design suits farms of various sizes.

Results show that the system speeds up sowing, cuts operational costs by using solar power, enhances seed distribution uniformity, and supports better decision-making through data collection. It is especially useful for off-grid farming, promoting sustainability and productivity.

The literature review highlights previous advances in seed sowing machinery, noting benefits in uniform seed placement, labor savings, and yield improvements from various mechanized sowing techniques.

Conclusion

Inconclusion,thesolar-poweredseedsowing system provides a sustainable and efficientalternative to conventional farming methods. It integrates renewable energy, automation, and real- time monitoring to support precision agriculture. By minimizing manual labor and fuel use, the system promotes eco-friendly practices while enhancing productivity.Thissolutionisespecially beneficial for small and remote farms, where traditionalmethods are often impractical or inefficient. Its scalable design, coupled with smart features, makesit a valuable contribution to the advancement of agricultural technology and food security.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Shushma Telrandhe, Priti Turkar, Laxmi Kohare, Khushi Kelwade, Shruti Kolhe. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.