TakeWise: IoT-Based Smart Medical Monitoring & Record System

Abstract

Manual monitoring of intravenous (IV) saline bottles in hospitals is time-consuming and prone to human error, which may lead to delayed replacement and potential risk to patients. Although several IoT-based monitoring systems have been proposed, many of them focus only on fluid level detection without integrating hospital data management. Likewise, electronic health record systems are often developed independently from real-time medical device monitoring. To address this gap, this paper presents an integrated IoT-based saline monitoring and hospital record management system designed to improve efficiency and patient safety. The proposed system employs an ESP32 microcontroller along with a non-contact liquid level sensor to continuously observe the saline level without direct exposure to the fluid. When the saline reaches a critical threshold, the system automatically transmits data over Wi-Fi to a cloud-based platform using RESTful communication. A web application developed with modern frontend technologies provides real-time visualization of saline status along with patient record management features. The system enables hospital staff to monitor multiple patients simultaneously while maintaining centralized digital records. By combining device-level monitoring with cloud-based hospital management, the proposed solution offers a cost-effective, scalable, and practical approach suitable for small and medium healthcare facilities. The integration of monitoring and record management in a single framework distinguishes this work from existing standalone systems.

Introduction

This text presents a smart healthcare monitoring system designed to automate and improve the supervision of intravenous (IV) saline levels in hospitals by integrating IoT technology with electronic health records (EHR).

The main problem addressed is that saline monitoring is still largely manual, requiring nurses to periodically check IV bottles to prevent complications like blood backflow or interrupted medication flow. With increasing patient loads and limited staff, this approach is inefficient and error-prone. Although hospitals have adopted digital EHR systems and cloud-based medical records, these systems often operate separately from real-time medical devices, creating a gap in integrated patient monitoring.

To solve this, the paper proposes an IoT-based unified system using an ESP32 microcontroller and a liquid level sensor to continuously monitor saline levels. The system sends real-time data via REST APIs to a cloud backend (Firebase), where it is stored alongside patient records and displayed on web dashboards for doctors and administrators.

The architecture is divided into three layers:

• Sensor Node Layer: collects saline level data using IoT devices
• Cloud Backend Layer: processes, stores, and manages alerts using Firebase
• User Interface Layer: provides real-time dashboards for medical staff

Patients are mapped to specific devices using patient ID, bed number, and ward details to ensure accurate tracking. The system also applies threshold-based alerting, categorizing saline levels into Normal (>40%), Warning (20–40%), and Critical (<20%). When levels become critical, automatic alerts are triggered on dashboards to ensure timely intervention.

The literature review highlights that while IoT healthcare systems and EHR platforms are well-developed individually, integration between real-time medical monitoring and hospital record systems is still lacking. Challenges such as scalability, secure communication, and accurate device-to-patient mapping remain unresolved in existing studies.

The proposed system addresses this gap by combining:

• Real-time saline monitoring
• Cloud-based hospital record management
• Automated alert generation

Key contributions include:

1. IoT-based saline monitoring using ESP32 and liquid level sensors
2. Cloud-connected EHR integration using Firebase
3. Real-time dashboard-based monitoring system
4. Automated alert system for critical saline levels
5. Scalable architecture for multi-bed hospital deployment

Conclusion

The IoT-Based Saline Monitoring and Hospital Record Management System is designed and implemented to enhance patient safety and improve operational efficiency in healthcare environments. The system combines sensor-based saline level detection with real-time cloud connectivity and a structured, role-based dashboard to create an automated and reliable monitoring solution. Unlike traditional manual monitoring methods that depend on continuous human supervision, the proposed system continuously tracks saline levels and generates automatic alerts when the level falls below a predefined threshold. This reduces the possibility of human error and ensures timely medical intervention. The integration of cloud technology enables real-time data synchronization, centralized monitoring, and secure storage of patient information. Through role-based access control, the system ensures that administrators, doctors, and nurses can access only the functionalities relevant to their responsibilities, thereby improving data security and workflow management. Experimental evaluation confirmed that the system provides accurate detection, immediate alert notification, reduced monitoring workload, remote accessibility, and support for multiple beds within a hospital environment. Overall, the proposed solution successfully fulfills its objective of automating saline monitoring while integrating hospital record management into a unified platform, contributing to the advancement of smart and efficient healthcare systems.

References

[1] G. Sunil, S. Aluvala, G. R. Reddy, V. Sreeharika, P. Sindhu, and S. Keerthana, “IoT Based Saline Level Monitoring System,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Telangana, India, 2020. [2] N. Khan, F. Ahmed, T. Tabassum, and Sumaya, “IoT-Enhanced Precision Saline Monitoring System,” ResearchGate, Bangladesh, 2025. [3] K. Ojha, J. Parihar, and G. Brahmankar, “IoT Based Saline Level Monitoring System,” Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 6, Pune, India, 2021. [4] M. C. Selvi, T. Bhuvaneswari, R. N. Priyadarshini, R. Chitralekha, and R. Ramya, “IoT Based Saline Monitoring System,” ResearchGate, 2022. [5] M. Nandhini, S. Sambooranalaxmi, K. Valarmathi, P. A. Mathina, K. Ramalakshmi, and S. Mahalakshmi, “Smart Intravenous Drip Monitoring System Based on IoT,” Tamil Nadu, India, 2024. [6] C. A. Naidu, M. L. H. Rao, and V. V. Krishna, “Secure and Transparent Medical Record Management System Using Python and Blockchain,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.02081v1 [cs.CR], 2024. [7] M. Shukla, J. Lin, and O. Seneviratne, “BlockIoT: Blockchain-Based Health Data Integration Using IoT Devices,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.10123v1 [cs.HC], 2021. [8] V. Pandit, B. Patil, S. Pardeshi, and P. Dahale, “IoT Enabled IV Pole with Integrated Patient Healthcare Monitoring System,” International Journal of Research in Interdisciplinary Studies, vol. 3, no. 4, 2025. [9] Z. P. Ihsan and J. Sardi, “IoT-Based Infusion Monitoring System with Blood Detection and Automatic Flow Rate Control,” Journal of Industrial Automation and Electrical Engineering, 2025. [10] P. Sravani et al., “Real-Time IoT-Based Saline Monitoring System for Healthcare Applications,” International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2025. [11] A. Karthik, B. SaranTeja, R. Ajay, and J. SwethaPriyanka, “IoT Intravenous Bag Monitoring and Alert System,” Asian Journal for Convergence in Technology, 2023. [12] A. Benjamin et al., “IoT IV Bag Monitoring and Termination System,” International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2023. [13] S. Gowri Shankar, R. Gokulpriya, et al., “IoT Based Patient Drips Monitoring System in Hospital,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2023. [14] S. Swarnarahavi, P. Edith Linda, and R. Srividhya, “IoT-Based IV Bottle Liquid Monitoring System Using ESP32 and IR Sensors,” Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), 2025. [15] S. Ayisha, V. Vanipriya, et al., “Feasibility Analysis of Health Monitoring Using IoT Enabled Automated Saline Infusion,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2024. [16] A. Agbeyangi et al., “Blockchain in Healthcare: Implementing Hyperledger Fabric for Electronic Health Records at Frere Provincial Hospital,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.15876, 2024. [17] H. Guo, W. Li, M. Nejad, and C.-C. Shen, “A Hybrid Blockchain-Edge Architecture for Electronic Health Records Management with Attribute-Based Cryptographic Mechanisms,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.19797, 2023 [18] J. Zhang, “Review of Research on Hospital Electronic Medical Record Management System Based on Cloud Computing,” Theoretical and Natural Science, 2025. [19] S. S. Vellela et al., “A Novel Secure and Scalable Framework for a Cloud-Based Electronic Health Record Management System,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing and Communication Technologies (DICCT), 2025.

Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Utkarsh Kadam, Nikhil Bhilare, Aryan Bhanage, Rushikesh Garje, Prof. Vijay Bhosle. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.