Temperature Based Fan Speed Control Using Arduino

Abstract

In this project, we present an efficient temperature-based speed control system for a DC motor using an Arduino microcontroller. The system is designed to automatically regulate the speed of the motor in response to temperature variations, making it suitable for applications like cooling systems, industrial automation, and smart appliances. The system consists of a temperature sensor (such as an LM35 or DHT11) that continuously monitors the ambient temperature and sends data to the Arduino. Based on predefined threshold values, the Arduino processes the d and adjusts the motor speed accordingly using a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal. A motor driver (L298N or MOSFET-based circuit) is used to control the DC motor efficiently. This automation eliminates manual intervention, optimizes energy consumption, and enhances system performance. The proposed design is cost-effective, easy to implement, and adaptable to various applications where temperature-dependent motor control is required.

Introduction

Project Overview

The project aims to automate the speed control of a DC motor based on ambient temperature using an Arduino microcontroller. This approach enhances energy efficiency, reduces manual intervention, and improves system reliability, especially in applications where temperature impacts system performance (e.g., cooling systems, HVAC, automotive radiators).

Problem Statement

Conventional AC fans operate at constant speeds regardless of temperature, leading to energy waste and higher electricity bills. The project proposes an automated DC fan that adjusts its speed based on temperature, improving energy usage and user convenience.

Objectives

• Design a temperature-based speed control system using Arduino

• Use a temperature sensor (e.g., DHT11 or LM35) for real-time monitoring

• Implement PWM for smooth motor speed adjustment

• Ensure quick and accurate system response

• Test system performance and explore industrial applications

Key Components and Technologies

• Arduino Uno: Acts as the brain of the system, processing sensor data and controlling the motor

• Temperature Sensor (DHT11 or LM35): Continuously monitors ambient temperature

• Motor Driver Module (L298N or MOSFET): Interfaces Arduino with the high-power DC motor

• PWM (Pulse Width Modulation): Used to vary motor speed by adjusting the duty cycle

• LCD Display (16x2): Shows real-time temperature and fan speed

Working Methodology

• The sensor detects room temperature and sends data to Arduino

• Arduino processes the data and controls fan speed via PWM

• Fan operates at high speed during high temperature and low speed during cooler conditions

• Below a threshold temperature, the fan turns off

• System data is displayed on an LCD for user feedback

Results & Discussion

• The system successfully monitors temperature and adjusts fan speed accordingly

• Reduces power consumption by running the motor only when necessary

• LCD provides real-time visibility of system status

• Demonstrates cost-effective and efficient thermal management

Applications

• HVAC systems

• Smart agriculture (ventilation/irrigation)

• Automotive cooling systems

• Industrial temperature-controlled systems

Future Scope

• Add monitoring of other environmental parameters (humidity, light)

• Enable remote control and monitoring via the Internet or mobile apps

• Assist disabled individuals through automation

• Integrate alert systems like SMS or automatic dialing when thresholds are exceeded

• Use in unattended or hazardous environments

Conclusion

The conclusion of the project \"Temperature Based Fan Controller And Monitoring With Arduino\" is that the system successfully controls the fan speed based on temperature readings and monitors the temperature in real-time. It effectively measures the room temperature using a temperature sensor like the LM35 and adjusts the fan speed using PWM. The system optimizes energy usage, improves cooling efficiency, and provides real-time feedback through an LCD display. Overall, the temperature-based fan controller and monitoring system using Arduino offer an efficient solution for temperature control and fan speed adjustment in various applications.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Ashumal V Nale, Ratan P Wagatkar, Saurabh N Majgawale , Kajal A Lanje. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.