Design of Water Tank for the Town Population 40000 Souls - A Review

Abstract

Water storage is a crucial aspect of any urban infrastructure to ensure a sustainable and adequate water supply for growing populations. This review paper discusses the design considerations, structural requirements, and hydraulic principles involved in the construction of a water tank suitable for a town population of 40,000 souls. Various types of water tanks, including overhead, underground, and ground-level tanks, are reviewed, along with their advantages and limitations. The paper also highlights the latest design standards, material choices, and structural safety parameters in compliance with IS codes. A comparative analysis of RCC and steel tanks, including cost estimation, maintenance, and durability, is also presented. The review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles governing the design of water storage systems, thereby assisting engineers in optimizing their designs for efficiency and sustainability

Introduction

The project focuses on designing a reinforced concrete elevated water tank for a town of 40,000 people, ensuring reliable water storage and supply. Using STAAD Pro software, a widely-used structural analysis tool, the tank’s structural integrity will be evaluated under various loads, including dead, live (water), wind, seismic, and temperature effects. The design will follow Indian Standards (IS codes) to guarantee safety, durability, and efficiency.

The literature review highlights previous studies on water tank design, emphasizing the importance of seismic resilience, economical design, and the advantages of modern software like STAAD Pro for optimizing structural elements. Various tank types and shapes are analyzed for cost-effectiveness and structural performance, with circular tanks often being the most economical.

The methodology includes calculating water demand, determining tank capacity with safety margins, and detailed structural analysis and design of the base, walls, and roof using STAAD Pro. The project ensures compliance with design codes and incorporates factors like fire demand, future expansion, and environmental conditions to provide a durable, leak-proof, and efficient water storage solution.

Conclusion

The selection and design of a water tank for a town with a population of 40,000 require a thorough understanding of demand estimation, structural stability, and material properties. RCC tanks are generally preferred due to their durability and cost-effectiveness, while steel tanks offer quick installation and flexibility. By adhering to IS codes and incorporating sustainability principles, an efficient and long-lasting water storage system can be designed.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Ms. Pooja Kamthe , Prof. Nakul Shenode . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.