Women Safety Device

Abstract

Women’s safety is a pressing social issue that requires practical and reliable solutions to ensure protection in emergency situations. This project proposes a smart Women Safety Device that integrates both self-defense and communication technologies. The system is built using an ESP microcontroller connected with a GPS module to enable location tracking and emergency communication. A voltage booster circuit powers a taser gun for immediate physical defense, while a high-intensity flash and a loud siren provide additional means of distraction and help attract public attention. In critical situations, the device can automatically send the user’s location and initiate an emergency call to predefined contacts, ensuring timely assistance. The combination of deterrent mechanisms with real-time connectivity makes the device a compact, portable, and efficient safety solution aimed at empowering women and enhancing their personal security. Women’s safety is a pressing social issue that requires practical and reliable solutions to ensure protection in emergency situations. This project proposes a smart Women Safety Device that integrates both self-defense and communication technologies. The system is built using an ESP microcontroller connected with a GPS module to enable location tracking and emergency communication. A voltage booster circuit powers a taser gun for immediate physical defense, while a high- intensity flash and a loud siren provide additional means of distraction and help attract public attention.

Introduction

The Smart Women Safety Device is a compact, portable, and intelligent security solution designed to enhance personal safety and empower women in emergency situations. It integrates self-defense mechanisms, real-time communication, and location tracking into a single wearable unit, offering faster and more reliable protection than traditional safety methods or smartphone-based SOS apps.

Key Features

• Automatic Location Tracking: Instantly sends the user’s GPS coordinates to predefined emergency contacts during distress.

• Emergency Call & Messaging: Uses a GSM module (SIM800L) to automatically send SMS alerts and initiate calls to trusted contacts.

• Self-Defense Tools: Includes a taser circuit, buzzer (90 dB), and LED flashlight to deter attackers and attract attention.

• Customizable Contacts: Users can predefine family, friends, or police contacts for instant alerts.

• Portable Design: Wearable as a wristband or pendant, powered by a rechargeable Li-ion battery.

System Components

• Microcontroller: ESP32 – central control for sensors, communication, and data processing.

• Sensors: GPS (location), motion/vibration (distress detection), and optional temperature sensor.

• Actuators: Taser, buzzer, LED flash, GSM module for alerts.

• Power Unit: Rechargeable 3.7V battery with voltage booster.

Methodology

1. Activation: Triggered manually via panic button or automatically by detecting abnormal motion.

2. Location Detection: GPS captures real-time coordinates.

3. Alert Transmission: GSM module sends SMS/calls to emergency contacts within seconds.

4. Defense Response: Taser, buzzer, and LED flash activate to deter threats.

5. Communication: Option to integrate with a mobile app or cloud server for live tracking.

6. Power Management: Optimized for low energy use and long standby time.

Literature Review Insights

Previous systems focused either on alerting (e.g., mobile apps) or physical defense (e.g., pepper spray), but not both.
The proposed device bridges this gap by combining IoT-based communication with active self-defense, offering real-time protection without dependence on smartphones or internet connectivity.

Results

• Alert response time: 4–6 seconds

• GPS accuracy: ±5 meters

• Message delivery success: 95%

• Battery life: 10–12 hours

• Advantages: Faster response, smartphone independence, and low cost.
  Testing confirmed that the device is efficient, reliable, and user-friendly, making it ideal for real-world deployment.

Future Scope

1. AI-based motion or gesture detection for automatic distress recognition.

2. Integration of health sensors (heart rate, accelerometer).

3. Mobile app and cloud connectivity for live tracking.

4. Solar-powered charging.

5. Integration with police/emergency networks.

6. More compact, waterproof, and stylish designs for daily wear.

Conclusion

The Women Safety Device provides an efficient, affordable, and reliable solution for ensuring women’s safety in emergency situations. By integrating GPS, GSM, and ESP32 microcontroller technology, it enables real-time tracking, quick alert messages, and immediate communication with predefined contacts. The additional features such as a buzzer, LED flash, and taser circuit enhance protection and visibility. Although the system relies on mobile network and battery power, it remains a practical and user-friendly device for personal security. Overall, this project demonstrates how technology can empower women by offering instant assistance and enhancing confidence in their daily lives.

References

[1] P. Sharma and N. Gupta, “Integration of IoT and AI in Personal Safety Devices,” Sensors Journal, MDPI, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 112–120, 2024. [2] K. Patel, R. Singh, and A. Mehta, “Review on Smart IoT-Based Women Safety Systems,” Heliyon Journal, Elsevier, vol. 11, pp. 1–7, 2024. [3] M. Verma and S. Rao, “Real-Time Tracking and Emergency Alert Systems Using GSM and GPS,” Journal of Embedded Systems Research, vol. 9, pp. 45–52, 2023. [4] S. Kumar and R. Rani, “Mobile Application-Based SOS Systems for Women Safety,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 250–256, 2021. [5] R. Sharma, V. Kaur, and A. Sinha, “Design of Smart Wearable Safety Devices for Women Using IoT,” IEEE International Conference on Smart Systems and Technologies (SST), pp. 325–330, 2022. [6] Espressif Systems, ESP32 Technical Reference Manual, Espressif Documentation, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/ [7] Rui Santos and Sara Santos, ESP32 Web Server Guide – Beginner’s Tutorial, Random Nerd Tutorials, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-web-server-beginners-guide/

Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Ms. P. B. Bhoppale, Ms. Rutuja Dasare, Ms. Vaidehi Popat Mane, Ms. Mrudula Suresh Kone, Ms. Apurva Malgonda Muddanna. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.