Authors: Prof. A. B. Moghe, Jay R. Chavhan, Bharosh M. Rathod, Deepjal S. Gedam, Ashish V. Pawar, Prathmesh D. Ade, Vikas S. Rathod
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56151
Certificate: View Certificate
Maintaining highways is crucial to ensure road surfaces are safe and smooth for drivers, ultimately loading to efficient and cost-effective transportation. Regular maintenance helps prevent accidents and reduces the overall cost of road repairs in the long run. The investigation found that the authority of RCC performs their maintenance work in one year when allocated funds are available. Many types of road failures oc, such as cracks, pot-holes, ravelling, water bleeding, corrugation and showing, depression, and rutting. The possible causes of flexible pavement failures are improper bituminous mixes with poor quality materials, heavy traffic loads,heavy rainfall, and bad drainage on pavement. The failures are gradually raised due to a lack of proper planning, inspection, and treatment. These failures create different types of disadvantages like traffic jams, discomfort to the passengers as well as drivers, increasing vehicle operating, maintenance costs, etc
I. INTRODUCTION
The development of a country depends upon a transportation system and the transportation system should be well-developed in roads, railways, waterways, and airways. A well- developed transportation system, encompassing roads, railways, waterways, and airways, plays a crucial role in the development of a country. It facilitates the efficient movement of goods and people, reduces communication costs, and ensures the timely arrival of essential commodities. This infrastructure is a cornerstone of economic and social progress. Indeed, road transportation plays a crucial role in connecting people and communities, providing access to goods and services, and facilitating various aspects of daily life in a complex society. It's often the most accessible and versatile mode of transportation, especially in remote areas. That's correct, roads can still experience failures despite careful construction.
Factors like weather, heavy traffic, and maintenance play a role in road durability. Maintenance is crucial to extend the road's lifespan, reduce vehicle operating costs, and ensure it remains in a serviceablecondition. Road pavements are generally divided intotwo main types based on their structural and design purpose: flexible pavement and rigid pavement. Flexible Pavement: This type of pavement is constructed using multiple layers of materials, with the top layer being asphalt concrete. Flexible pavements are designed to distribute the load from traffic over a broader area, allowing for some flexibility and deformation. This makes them well- suited for roads that experience heavytraffic and need to withstand varying weather conditions. Rigid Pavement: Rigid pavements are typically made of concrete and are designed to be stiff and unyielding. They distribute the load more effectively than flexible pavements, making them suitable for areas with heavy traffic loads, such as highways and airports. Rigid pavements tend to be more durable but are less forgiving when it comes to temperature- related expansion and contraction. The choice between flexible and rigid pavement depends on various factors, including traffic volume, environmental conditions, and budget constraints. Each type has its advantages and disadvantages, and engineers select the appropriate pavement design based on the specific requirements of the road or highway project..
II. LITERATURE
The term pavement ordinarily means the surfacing layer only. But in highway design, it means the total thickness of pavement that includes surface, base, and sub-base What you're describing sounds like a road or pavement. Roads are constructed with material layers to provide a stable and even surface for vehicles while distributing the load to the natural soil subgrade. Flexible pavements, such as asphalt roads, are more prone to various types of failures like cracking, rutting, and potholes due to changing weather conditions and heavy traffic loads. Regular maintenance is essential to extend their lifespan and ensure safe and smooth travel. may include patching, resurfacing, and seal coating, depending on the specific issues that arise. The flexible pavement layers reflect the deformation of the lower layers on the surface of the layer.
Development typically goes Highway through several stages, from planning and design to construction and maintenance. These stages may vary in detail and order depending on the specific project and location, but here is a general overview of the stages involved in highway development:
A. Planning and Feasibility Study
B. Design
C. Land Acquisition
D. Environmental Impact Assessment
E. Bidding and Contract Award
F. Construction
G. Quality Control and Inspection
H. Project Management
I. Project Management
J. Completion and Opening: Finalizing construction and conducting safety inspections.
K. And Operation
L. Expansion and Upgrades (if needed):
Highway development is a complex and lengthy process that involves collaboration among various stakeholders, including government agencies, engineers, environmental experts, and construction companies. It's important to note that each project may have unique requirements and considerations, and local regulations and practices can vary significantly.
III. HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE
Highway (road) maintenance is defined as preserving and keeping the serviceable conditions highway as normal as possible and practicable. The main objectives of road maintenance men are the allocation of available maintenance resources according to actual needs and priorities.
A. Surface Maintenance
B. Traffic Service
C. Roadside and Drainage
D. Shoulder & Approach
E. Bridge
Environmental Considerations: The construction and maintenance of bridges can have environmental impacts, such as altering water flow patterns or affecting wildlife habitats. These factors are considered in the planning and design stages.
1) Engineers have been always w?th open m?nd to adopt any mater?al available to them for ?ts use for the construct?on purposes. 2) ?t ?s log?cal to see that the purpose of h?ghway construct?on ?s to prov?de a f?rm and even surface for the carr?ageway or the pavement, which could stand the stress caused due tonumber ofload applications. 3) Life of the road should be increased. 4) Safety of road user. 5) Road surface free from the distress. 6) Avoid the accidental cases. 7) Road surface prepared to fast moving traffic. 8) Coir Geotextile and Polygaurd provide crack free surface. 9) Road construction and maintenance phenomena are cost effective.
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Copyright © 2023 Prof. A. B. Moghe, Jay R. Chavhan, Bharosh M. Rathod, Deepjal S. Gedam, Ashish V. Pawar, Prathmesh D. Ade, Vikas S. Rathod. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Paper Id : IJRASET56151
Publish Date : 2023-10-14
ISSN : 2321-9653
Publisher Name : IJRASET
DOI Link : Click Here